मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-4, verse-157
दुराचारो हि पुरुषो लोके भवति निन्दितः ।
दुःखभागी च सततं व्याधितोऽल्पायुरेव च ॥१५७॥
दुःखभागी च सततं व्याधितोऽल्पायुरेव च ॥१५७॥
157. durācāro hi puruṣo loke bhavati ninditaḥ ,
duḥkhabhāgī ca satataṁ vyādhito'lpāyureva ca.
duḥkhabhāgī ca satataṁ vyādhito'lpāyureva ca.
157.
durācāraḥ hi puruṣaḥ loke bhavati ninditaḥ duḥkha
bhāgī ca satataṃ vyādhitaḥ alpa āyuḥ eva ca
bhāgī ca satataṃ vyādhitaḥ alpa āyuḥ eva ca
157.
Indeed, a man of bad conduct (durācāra) in the world is condemned, and is constantly a participant in suffering, afflicted with illness, and has a short life.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- दुराचारः (durācāraḥ) - man of bad conduct (bad conduct, wicked behavior)
- हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, truly, surely)
- पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - man (man, person, human being)
- लोके (loke) - in the world (in the world, on earth)
- भवति (bhavati) - is (becomes, is, happens)
- निन्दितः (ninditaḥ) - condemned (condemned, blamed, reproached)
- दुःख (duḥkha) - suffering (pain, suffering, misery, sorrow)
- भागी (bhāgī) - participant in (sharer, participant)
- च (ca) - and (and, also)
- सततं (satataṁ) - constantly (always, constantly, continuously)
- व्याधितः (vyādhitaḥ) - afflicted with illness (diseased, sick, afflicted)
- अल्प (alpa) - short (small, little, short)
- आयुः (āyuḥ) - life (life, lifespan, vital breath)
- एव (eva) - indeed (alone, only, indeed, certainly)
- च (ca) - and (and, also)
Words meanings and morphology
दुराचारः (durācāraḥ) - man of bad conduct (bad conduct, wicked behavior)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of durācāra
durācāra - bad conduct, wicked behavior, immoral practice
compound of dur 'bad, difficult' and ācāra 'conduct'
Compound type : tatpurusha (dur+ācāra)
- dur – bad, difficult, evil, ill
prefix - ācāra – conduct, behavior, custom, practice
noun (masculine)
from the root car 'to move, to go, to behave'
Root: car (class 1)
Note: subject of bhavati
हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, truly, surely)
(indeclinable)
Note: empathetic particle
पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - man (man, person, human being)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of puruṣa
puruṣa - man, person, male, human being, the supreme being
Note: predicate nominative referring to durācāraḥ
लोके (loke) - in the world (in the world, on earth)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of loka
loka - world, realm, people, heaven, mankind
भवति (bhavati) - is (becomes, is, happens)
(verb)
3rd person , active, present (laṭ) of bhū
Root: bhū (class 1)
निन्दितः (ninditaḥ) - condemned (condemned, blamed, reproached)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of nindita
nindita - blamed, censured, condemned, reproached
Past Passive Participle
from the root nind 'to blame, to condemn'
Root: nind (class 1)
Note: predicate adjective or noun referring to puruṣaḥ
दुःख (duḥkha) - suffering (pain, suffering, misery, sorrow)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of duḥkha
duḥkha - pain, suffering, sorrow, misery, unhappiness
compound of duḥ 'bad, difficult' and kha 'hole, space' (difficult to traverse)
Compound type : tatpurusha (duḥ+kha)
- duḥ – bad, difficult, evil, ill
prefix - kha – hole, cavity, space, sky
noun (neuter)
Note: part of a compound
भागी (bhāgī) - participant in (sharer, participant)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of bhāgī
bhāgī - sharer, partaker, participant
from the root bhāj 'to share, to divide'
Root: bhāj (class 10)
Note: predicate noun referring to puruṣaḥ
च (ca) - and (and, also)
(indeclinable)
Note: connects duḥkha bhāgī to ninditaḥ
सततं (satataṁ) - constantly (always, constantly, continuously)
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of satata
satata - constant, continuous, perpetual, always
Past Passive Participle
from the root tan 'to extend' with prefix sam and negation a
Prefixes: sam+a
Root: tan (class 1)
Note: adverbially modifies bhāgī, indicating continuous participation
व्याधितः (vyādhitaḥ) - afflicted with illness (diseased, sick, afflicted)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of vyādhita
vyādhita - afflicted with disease, sick, ill
Past Passive Participle
from the root vyadh 'to pierce, to afflict' with prefix vi
Prefix: vi
Root: vyadh (class 6)
Note: predicate adjective or noun referring to puruṣaḥ
अल्प (alpa) - short (small, little, short)
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, singular of alpa
alpa - small, little, few, short
Note: modifies āyus
आयुः (āyuḥ) - life (life, lifespan, vital breath)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of āyus
āyus - life, lifespan, duration of life, vitality
from the root i 'to go' with prefixes ā and u
Prefix: ā
Root: i (class 2)
Note: part of a compound with alpa, predicate nominative referring to puruṣaḥ
एव (eva) - indeed (alone, only, indeed, certainly)
(indeclinable)
Note: emphatic particle
च (ca) - and (and, also)
(indeclinable)
Note: connects alpaāyureva to vyādhitaḥ