मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-4, verse-257
महर्षिपितृदेवानां गत्वाऽनृण्यं यथाविधि ।
पुत्रे सर्वं समासज्य वसेन माध्यस्थ्यमाश्रितः ॥२५७॥
पुत्रे सर्वं समासज्य वसेन माध्यस्थ्यमाश्रितः ॥२५७॥
257. maharṣipitṛdevānāṁ gatvā'nṛṇyaṁ yathāvidhi ,
putre sarvaṁ samāsajya vasen mādhyasthyamāśritaḥ.
putre sarvaṁ samāsajya vasen mādhyasthyamāśritaḥ.
257.
maharṣipitṛdevānāṁ gatvā anṛṇyaṁ yathāvidhi
putre sarvaṁ samāsajya vasen mādhyastham āśritaḥ
putre sarvaṁ samāsajya vasen mādhyastham āśritaḥ
257.
maharṣipitṛdevānāṁ yathāvidhi anṛṇyaṁ gatvā
putre sarvaṁ samāsajya mādhyastham āśritaḥ vasen
putre sarvaṁ samāsajya mādhyastham āśritaḥ vasen
257.
After fulfilling his obligations to the great seers, ancestors, and gods according to the rules, he should hand over all responsibilities to his son, live independently, and remain impartial.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- महर्षिपितृदेवानां (maharṣipitṛdevānāṁ) - of the great seers (maharṣi), ancestors (pitṛ), and deities (devatā) (of great sages, ancestors, and gods)
- गत्वा (gatvā) - after fulfilling (obligations) (having gone)
- अनृण्यं (anṛṇyaṁ) - his obligations (debts) (freedom from debt)
- यथाविधि (yathāvidhi) - according to the rules (according to the rule)
- पुत्रे (putre) - to his son (in the son)
- सर्वं (sarvaṁ) - all responsibilities (all, everything)
- समासज्य (samāsajya) - having handed over/entrusted (having joined together)
- वसेन् (vasen) - live independently (by living)
- माध्यस्थम् (mādhyastham) - impartially (impartiality)
- आश्रितः (āśritaḥ) - having remained impartial (having resorted to)
Words meanings and morphology
महर्षिपितृदेवानां (maharṣipitṛdevānāṁ) - of the great seers (maharṣi), ancestors (pitṛ), and deities (devatā) (of great sages, ancestors, and gods)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of maharṣipitṛdevāna
maharṣipitṛdevāna - great sages, ancestors, and gods
Compound type : dvandva (maharṣi+pitṛ+devāna)
- maharṣi – great sage
noun (masculine) - pitṛ – father, ancestor
noun (masculine) - devāna – god, deity
noun (masculine)
Note: genitive plural
गत्वा (gatvā) - after fulfilling (obligations) (having gone)
(indeclinable)
Absolutive (gerund)
formed from the root 'gā' (to go) with the suffix 'tvā'
Root: gam (class 1)
Note: absolutive
अनृण्यं (anṛṇyaṁ) - his obligations (debts) (freedom from debt)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of anṛṇya
anṛṇya - free from debt, without debt
formed from the prefix 'an' (not) and 'ṛṇa' (debt)
Note: accusative singular, object of gatvā
यथाविधि (yathāvidhi) - according to the rules (according to the rule)
(indeclinable)
a compound of yathā (as) and vidhi (rule)
Compound type : avyayibhava (yathā+vidhi)
- yathā – as, like, according to
indeclinable - vidhi – rule, law, precept, method
noun (masculine)
from root 'dha' (to place, establish) with prefix 'vi'
Prefix: vi
Root: dha (class 3)
पुत्रे (putre) - to his son (in the son)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of putra
putra - son
Note: locative singular, often used to indicate the recipient or beneficiary of an action, similar to dative.
सर्वं (sarvaṁ) - all responsibilities (all, everything)
(pronoun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of sarva
sarva - all, every, whole
Note: accusative singular, object of samāsajya
समासज्य (samāsajya) - having handed over/entrusted (having joined together)
(indeclinable)
Absolutive (gerund)
formed from the root 'añj' (to anoint, to adorn) with prefix 'samā' (together, completely)
Prefix: samā
Root: añj (class 2)
Note: absolutive
वसेन् (vasen) - live independently (by living)
(verb)
active, optative (vidhiling) of vas
Infinitive/Gerundive
formed from the root 'vas' (to dwell) with the ending '-ena' which can indicate purpose or instrumental of means, here implying 'for living' or 'by living'. Could also be seen as imperative or optative singular of a desiderative form.
Root: vas (class 1)
Note: Potentially an optative/imperative form indicating 'let him live' or 'he should live', functioning adverbially with the main verb 'āśritaḥ'.
माध्यस्थम् (mādhyastham) - impartially (impartiality)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of mādhyasthya
mādhyasthya - impartiality, neutrality, intermediacy
a neuter abstract noun derived from 'madhyastha' (standing in the middle, impartial), which is itself a compound of 'madhya' (middle) and 'stha' (standing).
Note: accusative singular, object of āśritaḥ
आश्रितः (āśritaḥ) - having remained impartial (having resorted to)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of āśri
āśri - to resort to, to depend on, to take refuge in
Past Passive Participle
formed from the root 'śri' (to lean, to resort to) with the prefix 'ā' (towards) and the past passive participle suffix 'kta'
Prefix: ā
Root: śri (class 6)
Note: Nominative singular masculine, agreeing with an implied subject (he). Functions as an adjective describing the state of the subject after performing the previous actions.