मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-4, verse-95
श्रावण्यां प्रौष्ठपद्यां वाऽप्युपाकृत्य यथाविधि ।
युक्तश्छन्दांस्यधीयीत मासान विप्रोऽर्धपञ्चमान ॥९५॥
युक्तश्छन्दांस्यधीयीत मासान विप्रोऽर्धपञ्चमान ॥९५॥
95. śrāvaṇyāṁ prauṣṭhapadyāṁ vā'pyupākṛtya yathāvidhi ,
yuktaśchandāṁsyadhīyīta māsān vipro'rdhapañcamān.
yuktaśchandāṁsyadhīyīta māsān vipro'rdhapañcamān.
95.
śrāvaṇyāṁ prauṣṭhadyāṁ vā upākr̥tya yathāvidhi
yuktaḥ chandāṁsyadhīyīta māsān vipraḥ ardha pañcamān
yuktaḥ chandāṁsyadhīyīta māsān vipraḥ ardha pañcamān
95.
A twice-born person (vipra) should begin studying the Vedic chants (chanda) according to the prescribed method in Śrāvaṇā or Proṣṭhapada, and continue for five half-months.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- श्रावण्यां (śrāvaṇyāṁ) - in Śrāvaṇā
- प्रौष्ठद्यां (prauṣṭhadyāṁ) - in Proṣṭhapada
- वा (vā) - or
- अपि (api) - also, even
- उपाक्र्̥त्य (upākr̥tya) - having begun
- यथाविधि (yathāvidhi) - according to the rule
- युक्तः (yuktaḥ) - prepared, diligently engaged (equipped, engaged, joined)
- छन्दांसि (chandāṁsi) - Vedic hymns and verses (Vedic chants)
- अधीयीत (adhīyīta) - should study
- मासान् (māsān) - half-months (months)
- विप्रः (vipraḥ) - a learned person, a brahmin (twice-born)
- अर्ध (ardha) - half
- पञ्चमान् (pañcamān) - fifth
Words meanings and morphology
श्रावण्यां (śrāvaṇyāṁ) - in Śrāvaṇā
(adjective)
Locative, feminine, singular of śrāvaṇī
śrāvaṇī - pertaining to the lunar month of Śrāvaṇa
प्रौष्ठद्यां (prauṣṭhadyāṁ) - in Proṣṭhapada
(adjective)
Locative, feminine, singular of prauṣṭhapada
prauṣṭhapada - pertaining to the lunar month of Bhādrapada
वा (vā) - or
(indeclinable)
अपि (api) - also, even
(indeclinable)
Note: Here it connects the two options, similar to 'or'.
उपाक्र्̥त्य (upākr̥tya) - having begun
(indeclinable)
absolutive
Derived from the root 'kr̥' (to do, make) with the prefix 'upā-' (near, towards, commencement).
Prefix: upā
Root: kr̥ (class 3)
यथाविधि (yathāvidhi) - according to the rule
(indeclinable)
Compound of 'yathā' (as, according to) and 'vidhi' (rule, law, method).
Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+vidhi)
- yathā – as, according to, like
indeclinable - vidhi – rule, law, ordinance, method, manner
noun (masculine)
Derived from the root 'dha' (to put, place) with prefix 'vi-' and suffix '-dhi'.
Prefix: vi
Root: dha (class 3)
युक्तः (yuktaḥ) - prepared, diligently engaged (equipped, engaged, joined)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of yukta
yukta - joined, yoked, connected, equipped, appropriate, proper, endowed with
Past Passive Participle
From the root 'yuj' (to join, yoke, apply, concentrate).
Root: yuj (class 4)
छन्दांसि (chandāṁsi) - Vedic hymns and verses (Vedic chants)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, plural of chandas
chandas - meter, verse, hymn, Vedic text, Vedic chant
Derived from the root 'chand' (to be pleased, to cover, to shine).
Root: chand (class 10)
अधीयीत (adhīyīta) - should study
(verb)
3rd person , middle, optative (liṅ) of adhīyīta
Benedictiv/Optative
From the root 'i' (to go) with the prefix 'adhi-' (over, above, towards) and the augment 'y'.
Prefix: adhi
Root: i (class 2)
मासान् (māsān) - half-months (months)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of māsa
māsa - month
Note: In this context, 'ardha pañcamān māsān' means 'five half-months'.
विप्रः (vipraḥ) - a learned person, a brahmin (twice-born)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of vipra
vipra - learned, wise, a learned man, a brahmin
Derived from the root 'vip' (to be active, to move quickly, to shine).
Root: vip (class 1)
अर्ध (ardha) - half
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of ardha
ardha - half, middle
Note: Part of the compound 'ardha pañcamān māsān'.
पञ्चमान् (pañcamān) - fifth
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, plural of pañcama
pañcama - fifth
Derived from the cardinal number 'pañca' (five).
Note: Agrees with 'māsān'.