मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-4, verse-136
एतत त्रयं हि पुरुषं निर्दहेदवमानितम ।
तस्मादेतत त्रयं नित्यं नावमन्येत बुद्धिमान ॥१३६॥
तस्मादेतत त्रयं नित्यं नावमन्येत बुद्धिमान ॥१३६॥
136. etat trayaṁ hi puruṣaṁ nirdahedavamānitam ,
tasmādetat trayaṁ nityaṁ nāvamanyeta buddhimān.
tasmādetat trayaṁ nityaṁ nāvamanyeta buddhimān.
136.
etat trayam hi puruṣam nirdahadavamānitam |
tasmād etat trayam nityam nāvamanyeta buddhimān
tasmād etat trayam nityam nāvamanyeta buddhimān
136.
etat trayam hi avamānitam puruṣam nirdahat tasmāt
buddhimān nityam etat trayam na avamaanyeta
buddhimān nityam etat trayam na avamaanyeta
136.
This triad, when insulted, can destroy a person. Therefore, a wise person should never insult these three.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- एतत् (etat) - this group or triad (this)
- त्रयम् (trayam) - the three mentioned earlier (kshatriya, snake, brahmin) (triad, group of three)
- हि (hi) - indeed, for, because
- पुरुषम् (puruṣam) - a person, an individual (a person, man)
- निर्दहत् (nirdahat) - destroys, consumes (destroys, burns)
- अवमानितम् (avamānitam) - having been insulted or dishonored (insulted, dishonored)
- तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that
- एतत् (etat) - this group or triad (this)
- त्रयम् (trayam) - the three mentioned earlier (triad, group of three)
- नित्यम् (nityam) - always (always, constantly, eternal)
- न (na) - not
- अवमन्येत (avamanyeta) - should disrespect, should despise
- बुद्धिमान् (buddhimān) - a wise person (intelligent, wise)
Words meanings and morphology
एतत् (etat) - this group or triad (this)
(pronoun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of etad
etad - this
त्रयम् (trayam) - the three mentioned earlier (kshatriya, snake, brahmin) (triad, group of three)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of traya
traya - triad, group of three
derived from 'tri' (three)
हि (hi) - indeed, for, because
(indeclinable)
पुरुषम् (puruṣam) - a person, an individual (a person, man)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of puruṣa
puruṣa - a man, person, male, soul, cosmic person
निर्दहत् (nirdahat) - destroys, consumes (destroys, burns)
(verb)
3rd person , active, present indicative (laṭ) of nir√dah
Present Indicative
Prefix: nir
Root: √dah (class 1)
अवमानितम् (avamānitam) - having been insulted or dishonored (insulted, dishonored)
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, singular of avamānita
avamānita - insulted, dishonored, despised
Past Passive Participle
derived from the root '√mā' (to measure) with upasargas 'ava' and 'ā' and the suffix 'kta'
Prefixes: ava+ā
Root: √mā (class 2)
Note: Modifies 'puruṣam'.
तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that
(pronoun)
Ablative, neuter, singular of tad
tad - that, it
Note: Used adverbially to mean 'therefore'.
एतत् (etat) - this group or triad (this)
(pronoun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of etad
etad - this
त्रयम् (trayam) - the three mentioned earlier (triad, group of three)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of traya
traya - triad, group of three
derived from 'tri' (three)
नित्यम् (nityam) - always (always, constantly, eternal)
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, singular of nitya
nitya - eternal, constant, perpetual, always
derived from the root '√ni' (to go) with suffix 'tya'
Root: √ni (class 1)
Note: Used adverbially here, meaning 'always'.
न (na) - not
(indeclinable)
अवमन्येत (avamanyeta) - should disrespect, should despise
(verb)
3rd person , active, potential optative (vidhiliṅ) of avama√ni
Potential Optative
causative
Prefixes: ava+pra
Root: √ni (class 1)
बुद्धिमान् (buddhimān) - a wise person (intelligent, wise)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of buddhimat
buddhimat - intelligent, wise, having intelligence
compound of buddhi (intelligence) and mat (possessing)
Compound type : tatpurusha (buddhi+mat)
- buddhi – intelligence, understanding, mind, intellect
noun (feminine) - mat – possessing, having
suffix (masculine)
a suffix indicating possession, forming adjectives
Note: Used substantively to mean 'a wise person'.