मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-4, verse-43
नाश्नीयाद भार्यया सार्धं नैनामीक्षेत चाश्नतीम ।
क्षुवतीं जृम्भमाणां वा न चासीनां यथासुखम ॥४३॥
क्षुवतीं जृम्भमाणां वा न चासीनां यथासुखम ॥४३॥
43. nāśnīyād bhāryayā sārdhaṁ naināmīkṣeta cāśnatīm ,
kṣuvatīṁ jṛmbhamāṇāṁ vā na cāsīnāṁ yathāsukham.
kṣuvatīṁ jṛmbhamāṇāṁ vā na cāsīnāṁ yathāsukham.
43.
na aśnīyāt bhāryayā sārdham na enam īkṣeta ca aśnatīm
kṣuvatīm jṛmbhamāṇām vā na ca āsīnām yathāsukham
kṣuvatīm jṛmbhamāṇām vā na ca āsīnām yathāsukham
43.
na aśnīyāt bhāryayā sārdham na ca enam īkṣeta aśnatīm
kṣuvatīm vā jṛmbhamāṇām na ca āsīnām yathāsukham
kṣuvatīm vā jṛmbhamāṇām na ca āsīnām yathāsukham
43.
One should not eat with one's wife, nor should one look at her when she is eating. One should not look at her when she is yawning or eating with obvious comfort.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- न (na) - no, not
- अश्नीयात् (aśnīyāt) - should eat, should partake
- भार्यया (bhāryayā) - by the wife
- सार्धम् (sārdham) - along with, together with
- न (na) - no, not
- एनम् (enam) - her
- ईक्षेत (īkṣeta) - should look, should see
- च (ca) - and, also
- अश्नतीम् (aśnatīm) - eating
- क्षुवतीम् (kṣuvatīm) - vomiting, feeling nauseous
- जृम्भमाणाम् (jṛmbhamāṇām) - yawning
- वा (vā) - or
- न (na) - no, not
- च (ca) - and, also
- आसीनाम् (āsīnām) - sitting
- यथासुखम् (yathāsukham) - with great comfort, comfortably
Words meanings and morphology
न (na) - no, not
(indeclinable)
अश्नीयात् (aśnīyāt) - should eat, should partake
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, Optative (liṅ) of aśn
Benedictive
Root aśn (to eat) + vidhiliṅ class I.
Root: aśn (class 3)
भार्यया (bhāryayā) - by the wife
(noun)
Instrumental, feminine, singular of bhāryā
bhāryā - wife, woman
Past Passive Participle
From root bhṛ (to bear, to support) + ya suffix, formed as a feminine noun.
Root: bhṛ (class 2)
सार्धम् (sārdham) - along with, together with
(indeclinable)
न (na) - no, not
(indeclinable)
एनम् (enam) - her
(pronoun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of ena
ena - him, her, it (accusative singular of pronoun)
Accusative singular form of the demonstrative pronoun 'etat' or similar stem.
ईक्षेत (īkṣeta) - should look, should see
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, Optative (liṅ) of īkṣ
Benedictive
Root īkṣ (to see) + vidhiliṅ class I.
Root: īkṣ (class 1)
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
अश्नतीम् (aśnatīm) - eating
(participle)
Accusative, feminine, singular of aśn
aśn - to eat, to eat with
Present Participle
Root aśn (to eat) + śatṛ suffix (present participle) + feminine ending.
Root: aśn (class 3)
Note: Refers to the state of eating.
क्षुवतीम् (kṣuvatīm) - vomiting, feeling nauseous
(participle)
Accusative, feminine, singular of kṣuv
kṣuv - to vomit, to feel nausea
Present Participle
Root kṣuv (to vomit) + śatṛ suffix (present participle) + feminine ending.
Root: kṣuv (class 1)
Note: Refers to the state of feeling nauseous or about to vomit.
जृम्भमाणाम् (jṛmbhamāṇām) - yawning
(participle)
Accusative, feminine, singular of jṛmbhamāṇa
jṛmbhamāṇa - yawning
Present Participle
From the root jṛmbh (to yawn) + the āna suffix (present participle marker for atmanepada verbs) + feminine ending.
Root: jṛmbh (class 1)
Note: Refers to the state of yawning.
वा (vā) - or
(indeclinable)
न (na) - no, not
(indeclinable)
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
आसीनाम् (āsīnām) - sitting
(participle)
Accusative, feminine, singular of ās
ās - to sit
Present Participle
Root ās (to sit) + śatṛ suffix (present participle) + feminine ending.
Root: ās (class 2)
Note: Refers to the state of sitting.
यथासुखम् (yathāsukham) - with great comfort, comfortably
(indeclinable)
Compound of yathā (as) and sukham (comfort, happiness).
Compound type : avyayibhava (yathā+sukham)
- yathā – as, like, according to
indeclinable - sukham – happiness, comfort, ease, pleasure
noun (neuter)
Note: Describes the manner of sitting.