मनु-स्मृतिः manu-smṛtiḥ - chapter-4, verse-63

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न कुर्वीत वृथाचेष्टां न वार्यञ्जलिना पिबेत ।
नोत्सङ्गे भक्षयेद भक्ष्यान्न जातु स्यात कुतूहली ॥६३॥

63. na kurvīta vṛthāceṣṭāṁ na vāryañjalinā pibet ,
notsaṅge bhakṣayed bhakṣyānna jātu syāt kutūhalī.

63. na kurvīta vr̥thāceṣṭāṃ na vāryañjalinā pibet |
notsaṅge bhakṣayeda bhakṣyānna jātu syāt kutūhalī

63. One should not make useless efforts, nor drink water with cupped hands. One should never eat forbidden food on their lap, nor be overly curious.

Words meanings summery:

(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)

न (na) - no, not

कुर्वीत (kurvīta) - should make (efforts) (should do, should make)

व्र्̥थाचेष्टां (vr̥thāceṣṭāṁ) - useless efforts (useless effort, vain endeavor)

न (na) - no, not

वार्यञ्जलिना (vāryañjalinā) - with water in cupped hands

पिबेत् (pibet) - should drink

नो (no) - not

त्सङ्गे (tsaṅge) - on their lap (on the lap, in the lap)

भक्षयेद (bhakṣayeda) - should eat

भक्ष्यान्न (bhakṣyānna) - forbidden food (forbidden food, inedible food)

न (na) - not

जातु (jātu) - ever (ever, at any time)

स्यात् (syāt) - should be (should be, may be)

कुतूहली (kutūhalī) - overly curious (curious, inquisitive)

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - no, not

(indeclinable)

कुर्वीत (kurvīta) - should make (efforts) (should do, should make)

(verb)

active, optative (liṅ) of kṛ

Potentially Derived Verb Form

forms in the periphrastic perfect (e.g., cakāra, cakrire) and the benedictive (vidhiliṅ, e.g., kuryāt, kurvīta) are formed from the root kṛ.

Root: kṛ (class 2)

Note: Potential mood, third person singular.

व्र्̥थाचेष्टां (vr̥thāceṣṭāṁ) - useless efforts (useless effort, vain endeavor)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vr̥thāceṣṭā

vr̥thāceṣṭā - useless effort, vain endeavor

Compound word.

Compound type : tatpurusha (vr̥thā+ceṣṭā)

vr̥thā – in vain, uselessly
indeclinable
ceṣṭā – effort, exertion, movement, gesture
noun (feminine)
Derived from the root 'ciṣṭ' (to strive, to move).
Root: ciṣṭ (class 6)

न (na) - no, not

(indeclinable)

वार्यञ्जलिना (vāryañjalinā) - with water in cupped hands

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of vāryañjalinā

vāryañjalinā - with water in cupped hands

Compound word.

Compound type : tatpurusha (vārī+añjalinā)

vārī – water
noun (feminine)
añjalinā – with hollowed hands, with cupped hands
noun (masculine)
Instrumental singular of añjali.

पिबेत् (pibet) - should drink

(verb)

active, optative (liṅ) of pā

Potentially Derived Verb Form

Forms in the periphrastic perfect (e.g., papau, papūruḥ) and the benedictive (vidhiliṅ, e.g., pibet, pibeyuḥ) are formed from the root pā.

Root: pā (class 1)

Note: Potential mood, third person singular.

नो (no) - not

(indeclinable)

Note: Contraction of 'na u'.

त्सङ्गे (tsaṅge) - on their lap (on the lap, in the lap)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṅga

saṅga - contact, touch, union, lap, association, attachment

Derived from the root 'sañj' (to cling, to attach).

Root: sañj (class 6)

Note: The initial 'u' comes from the preceding 'na'. The word is often used in compounds.

भक्षयेद (bhakṣayeda) - should eat

(verb)

active, optative (liṅ) of bhakṣ

Potentially Derived Verb Form

Forms in the periphrastic perfect (e.g., babhakṣa) and the benedictive (vidhiliṅ, e.g., bhakṣayet, bhakṣeyāt) are formed from the root bhakṣ.

Root: bhakṣ (class 1)

Note: Potential mood, third person singular.

भक्ष्यान्न (bhakṣyānna) - forbidden food (forbidden food, inedible food)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bhakṣyānna

bhakṣyānna - forbidden food, inedible food

Compound word.

Compound type : tatpurusha (bhakṣya+anna)

bhakṣya – edible, to be eaten
adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
Gerundive
Derived from the root 'bhakṣ' (to eat) with the suffix -ya.
Root: bhakṣ (class 1)
anna – food, grain
noun (neuter)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Note: Negation before 'jātu'.

जातु (jātu) - ever (ever, at any time)

(indeclinable)

स्यात् (syāt) - should be (should be, may be)

(verb)

active, optative (liṅ) of as

Potentially Derived Verb Form

Forms in the periphrastic perfect (e.g., āsa) and the benedictive (vidhiliṅ, e.g., syāt, syuḥ) are formed from the root as.

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Potential mood, third person singular.