मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-7, verse-81
अध्यक्षान विविधान कुर्यात तत्र तत्र विपश्चितः ।
तेऽस्य सर्वाण्यवेक्षेरन्नृणां कार्याणि कुर्वताम ॥८१॥
तेऽस्य सर्वाण्यवेक्षेरन्नृणां कार्याणि कुर्वताम ॥८१॥
81. adhyakṣān vividhān kuryāt tatra tatra vipaścitaḥ ,
te'sya sarvāṇyavekṣerannṛṇāṁ kāryāṇi kurvatām.
te'sya sarvāṇyavekṣerannṛṇāṁ kāryāṇi kurvatām.
81.
adhyakṣān vividhān kuryāt tatra tatra vipaścitaḥ
te 'sya sarvāṇi avekṣeran nṛṇām kāryāṇi kurvatām
te 'sya sarvāṇi avekṣeran nṛṇām kāryāṇi kurvatām
81.
He should appoint various learned men as superintendents here and there. They should look after all his affairs while the people are performing their duties.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- अध्यक्षान् (adhyakṣān) - superintendents (superintendents, overseers, presidents)
- विविधान् (vividhān) - various (various, diverse, of many kinds)
- कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - should appoint (should do, should make, should appoint)
- तत्र (tatra) - here and there (there, in that place)
- तत्र (tatra) - here and there (there, in that place)
- विपश्चितः (vipaścitaḥ) - learned men (wise, learned, intelligent, discerning)
- ते (te) - they
- अस्य (asya) - his (his, her, its)
- सर्वाणि (sarvāṇi) - all (all, entire, whole)
- अवेक्षेरन् (avekṣeran) - they should look after (they should look after, they should examine, they should supervise)
- नृणाम् (nṛṇām) - of the people (of people, of men)
- कार्याणि (kāryāṇi) - duties (works, duties, affairs, things to be done)
- कुर्वताम् (kurvatām) - while performing (of those who are doing, of those who are performing)
Words meanings and morphology
अध्यक्षान् (adhyakṣān) - superintendents (superintendents, overseers, presidents)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of adhyakṣa
adhyakṣa - overseer, superintendent, president, chief, eye
Compound of 'adhi' (over) and 'akṣa' (eye).
Compound type : tatpurusha (adhi+akṣa)
- adhi – over, upon, above, superior
indeclinable - akṣa – eye, axle, dice
noun (masculine)
Root: akṣ (class 4)
विविधान् (vividhān) - various (various, diverse, of many kinds)
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, plural of vividha
vividha - various, diverse, of many kinds
Compound of 'vi' (intensifier or separator) and 'vidha' (kind, manner).
Compound type : karmadharaya (vi+vidha)
- vi – apart, away, without, intensive prefix
indeclinable - vidha – kind, manner, sort, form
noun (masculine)
कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - should appoint (should do, should make, should appoint)
(verb)
3rd person , active, vidhiling (liṅ) of kṛ
Root: kṛ (class 8)
तत्र (tatra) - here and there (there, in that place)
(indeclinable)
तत्र (tatra) - here and there (there, in that place)
(indeclinable)
विपश्चितः (vipaścitaḥ) - learned men (wise, learned, intelligent, discerning)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of vipaścit
vipaścit - wise, intelligent, learned, discerning
Compound of 'vi' (intensive) and 'paścit' (wise, knowing).
Compound type : karmadharaya (vi+paścit)
- vi – apart, away, without, intensive prefix
indeclinable - paścit – wise, knowing, intelligent
adjective (masculine)
Derived from the root 'paś' (to see) or related to 'prajñā'.
Root: paś (class 1)
Note: Used substantively here to mean 'wise men'.
ते (te) - they
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of tad
tad - that, it, he, she, they
अस्य (asya) - his (his, her, its)
(pronoun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, it, he, she, they
सर्वाणि (sarvāṇi) - all (all, entire, whole)
(pronoun)
Accusative, neuter, plural of sarva
sarva - all, entire, whole, every
अवेक्षेरन् (avekṣeran) - they should look after (they should look after, they should examine, they should supervise)
(verb)
3rd person , active, vidhiling (liṅ) of ava-īkṣ
Root 'īkṣ' (to see) with prefix 'ava' (down, thoroughly).
Prefix: ava
Root: īkṣ (class 1)
नृणाम् (nṛṇām) - of the people (of people, of men)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of nṛ
nṛ - man, person, hero
कार्याणि (kāryāṇi) - duties (works, duties, affairs, things to be done)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, plural of kārya
kārya - work, deed, action, duty, thing to be done
Gerundive
From the root 'kṛ' (to do) + suffix '-ya' (gerundive).
Root: kṛ (class 8)
कुर्वताम् (kurvatām) - while performing (of those who are doing, of those who are performing)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of kṛ
kṛ - to do, to make, to perform, to create
Present Participle
From the root 'kṛ' (to do) + present participle suffix '-at'.
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: This is the genitive plural of the present participle used adverbially to indicate simultaneity.