मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-7, verse-137
यत किं चिदपि वर्षस्य दापयेत करसंज्ञितम ।
व्यवहारेण जीवन्तं राजा राष्ट्रे पृथग्जनम ॥१३७॥
व्यवहारेण जीवन्तं राजा राष्ट्रे पृथग्जनम ॥१३७॥
137. yat kiṁ cidapi varṣasya dāpayet karasaṁjñitam ,
vyavahāreṇa jīvantaṁ rājā rāṣṭre pṛthagjanam.
vyavahāreṇa jīvantaṁ rājā rāṣṭre pṛthagjanam.
137.
yata kiṃ cidapi varṣasya dāpayeta karasaṃjñitam
vyavahāreṇa jīvantaṃ rājā rāṣṭre pṛthagjanam
vyavahāreṇa jīvantaṃ rājā rāṣṭre pṛthagjanam
137.
rājā rāṣṭre vyavahāreṇa jīvantaṃ pṛthagjanam
yataḥ kiṃcit api varṣasya karasaṃjñitam dāpayeta
yataḥ kiṃcit api varṣasya karasaṃjñitam dāpayeta
137.
Whatever tax is to be paid in a year, the king should collect it from a common person (pṛthagjana) living by trade within the realm.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- यतः (yataḥ) - whatever (from which, from what, how much)
- किंचित् (kiṁcit) - anything (a little, some, any)
- अपि (api) - even (and, also, even, too)
- वर्षस्य (varṣasya) - in a year (of the year)
- दापयेत (dāpayeta) - should be collected (should cause to give, should make pay)
- करसंज्ञितम् (karasaṁjñitam) - called tax (called tax, known as tax)
- व्यवहारेण (vyavahāreṇa) - by trade (by means of trade, by transaction, by livelihood)
- जीवन्तं (jīvantaṁ) - living (living, alive)
- राजा (rājā) - king
- राष्ट्रे (rāṣṭre) - in the realm (in the kingdom, in the country)
- पृथग्जनम् (pṛthagjanam) - a common person (a separate person, an ordinary person, a commoner)
Words meanings and morphology
यतः (yataḥ) - whatever (from which, from what, how much)
(pronoun)
Ablative, neuter, singular of yad
yad - which, what, who
किंचित् (kiṁcit) - anything (a little, some, any)
(indeclinable)
Compound of 'kim' and 'cit'
अपि (api) - even (and, also, even, too)
(indeclinable)
वर्षस्य (varṣasya) - in a year (of the year)
(noun)
Genitive, neuter, singular of varṣa
varṣa - year, rain, shower
From the root 'vṛṣ' (to rain)
Root: vṛṣ (class 6)
दापयेत (dāpayeta) - should be collected (should cause to give, should make pay)
(verb)
3rd person , active, optative (liṅ) of dāp
Causative form of 'dā'
Causative of 'dā' (to give). Present subjunctive, 3rd person singular.
Root: dā (class 2)
Note: The subject is the tax, so it implies 'should be collected'.
करसंज्ञितम् (karasaṁjñitam) - called tax (called tax, known as tax)
(participle)
Accusative, neuter, singular of karasaṃjñita
karasaṁjñita - called tax, designated as tax
Past Passive Participle
Compound of 'kara' (tax) and 'saṃjñita' (named, called), which is the past passive participle of 'jñā' (to know) with prefix 'sam'.
Compound type : tatpurusha (kara+saṃjñita)
- kara – tax, tribute, revenue, hand
noun (masculine)
From root 'kṛ' (to do, to make)
Root: kṛ (class 8) - saṃjñita – named, called, known
participle (feminine)
Past Passive Participle
From the root 'jñā' (to know) with the prefix 'sam'.
Prefix: sam
Root: jñā (class 2)
व्यवहारेण (vyavahāreṇa) - by trade (by means of trade, by transaction, by livelihood)
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of vyavahāra
vyavahāra - transaction, commerce, trade, conduct, behavior, usage
From the root 'hṛ' (to carry) with prefix 'vi-ava'
Prefixes: vi+ava
Root: hṛ (class 1)
जीवन्तं (jīvantaṁ) - living (living, alive)
(participle)
Accusative, masculine, singular of jīvant
jīvant - living, alive, existing
Present Active Participle
From the root 'jīv' (to live).
Root: jīv (class 1)
राजा (rājā) - king
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan
rājan - king, ruler
From the root 'ra' (to shine, to rule)
Root: ra
राष्ट्रे (rāṣṭre) - in the realm (in the kingdom, in the country)
(noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of rāṣṭra
rāṣṭra - kingdom, realm, dominion, rule, power, nation
From the root 'ra' (to rule, to govern)
Root: ra
पृथग्जनम् (pṛthagjanam) - a common person (a separate person, an ordinary person, a commoner)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of pṛthagjana
pṛthagjana - a separate person, an individual, an ordinary person, a commoner, a layperson
Compound of 'pṛthak' (separate) and 'jana' (person).
Compound type : tatpurusha (pṛthak+jana)
- pṛthak – separate, apart, individually
indeclinable - jana – person, man, people, folk
noun (masculine)
From the root 'jan' (to be born, to produce)
Root: jan (class 2)