मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-7, verse-183
अन्येष्वपि तु कालेषु यदा पश्येद ध्रुवं जयम ।
तदा यायाद विगृह्यैव व्यसने चोत्थिते रिपोः ॥१८३॥
तदा यायाद विगृह्यैव व्यसने चोत्थिते रिपोः ॥१८३॥
183. anyeṣvapi tu kāleṣu yadā paśyed dhruvaṁ jayam ,
tadā yāyād vigṛhyaiva vyasane cotthite ripoḥ.
tadā yāyād vigṛhyaiva vyasane cotthite ripoḥ.
183.
anyeṣu api tu kāleṣu yadā paśyēt dhruvam jayam
tadā yāyāt vigṛhya eva vyasane ca utthite ripoḥ
tadā yāyāt vigṛhya eva vyasane ca utthite ripoḥ
183.
api tu anyeṣu kāleṣu yadā dhruvam jayam paśyēt,
tadā ripoḥ vyasane utthite ca vigṛhya eva yāyāt
tadā ripoḥ vyasane utthite ca vigṛhya eva yāyāt
183.
At other times too, when he sees certain victory, then he should go forth after making a division, and when the enemy is in distress.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- अन्येषु (anyeṣu) - in other (times) (in others)
- अपि (api) - also, even (also, even, too)
- तु (tu) - and, but (connecting the idea of 'other times') (but, however, and)
- कालेषु (kāleṣu) - in times
- यदा (yadā) - when
- पश्येत् (paśyēt) - sees, perceives (should see, might see)
- ध्रुवम् (dhruvam) - certain, definite (certain, fixed, eternal, undoubtedly)
- जयम् (jayam) - victory
- तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)
- यायात् (yāyāt) - should go forth, should march (should go, should proceed)
- विगृह्य (vigṛhya) - after making a division (of forces or strategy) (having divided, having separated)
- एव (eva) - indeed, certainly (indeed, even, only, just)
- व्यसने (vyasane) - in distress, when in difficulty (in distress, in trouble, in adversity)
- च (ca) - and
- उत्थिते (utthite) - having arisen, occurring (risen, arisen, occurred, happened)
- रिपोः (ripoḥ) - of the enemy
Words meanings and morphology
अन्येषु (anyeṣu) - in other (times) (in others)
(pronoun)
Locative, masculine, plural of anya
anya - other, another, different
Note: Refers to 'kāleṣu'.
अपि (api) - also, even (also, even, too)
(indeclinable)
तु (tu) - and, but (connecting the idea of 'other times') (but, however, and)
(indeclinable)
कालेषु (kāleṣu) - in times
(noun)
Locative, masculine, plural of kāla
kāla - time, period, season, destiny
यदा (yadā) - when
(indeclinable)
पश्येत् (paśyēt) - sees, perceives (should see, might see)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (vidyāts) of paś
Root verb
Root: paś (class 1)
Note: Potential mood implies possibility or certainty.
ध्रुवम् (dhruvam) - certain, definite (certain, fixed, eternal, undoubtedly)
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of dhruva
dhruva - fixed, firm, certain, eternal, constant, the pole star
From the root 'dhru' (to be firm, constant).
Root: dhru (class 3)
Note: Modifies 'jayam'.
जयम् (jayam) - victory
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of jaya
jaya - victory, triumph, conquest
Nominal
From the root 'ji' (to conquer).
Root: ji (class 1)
तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)
(indeclinable)
यायात् (yāyāt) - should go forth, should march (should go, should proceed)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (vidyāts) of yā
Root verb
Root: yā (class 2)
Note: Potential mood implies 'should'.
विगृह्य (vigṛhya) - after making a division (of forces or strategy) (having divided, having separated)
(indeclinable)
Gerund/Absolutive
From the root 'grah' (to grasp, seize) with prefix 'vi' (apart) and the gerund suffix '-ya'.
Prefix: vi
Root: grah (class 1)
एव (eva) - indeed, certainly (indeed, even, only, just)
(indeclinable)
व्यसने (vyasane) - in distress, when in difficulty (in distress, in trouble, in adversity)
(noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of vyasana
vyasana - calamity, misfortune, distress, adversity, vice, ruin
Derived from 'vi' (apart, negative) and 'asana' (sitting, existence), meaning something that causes one to fall apart or decline.
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
उत्थिते (utthite) - having arisen, occurring (risen, arisen, occurred, happened)
(adjective)
Locative, masculine, singular of utthita
utthita - risen, arisen, stood up, happened, occurred
Past Passive Participle
From the root 'sthā' (to stand) with prefix 'ut' (up) and the past passive participle suffix '-kta'.
Prefix: ut
Root: sthā (class 2)
Note: Modifies 'ripoḥ' or the situation described by 'vyasane'.
रिपोः (ripoḥ) - of the enemy
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of ripu
ripu - enemy, foe, adversary