मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-7, verse-109
सामादीनामुपायानां चतुर्णामपि पण्डिताः ।
सामदण्डौ प्रशंसन्ति नित्यं राष्ट्राभिवृद्धये ॥१०९॥
सामदण्डौ प्रशंसन्ति नित्यं राष्ट्राभिवृद्धये ॥१०९॥
109. sāmādīnāmupāyānāṁ caturṇāmapi paṇḍitāḥ ,
sāmadaṇḍau praśaṁsanti nityaṁ rāṣṭrābhivṛddhaye.
sāmadaṇḍau praśaṁsanti nityaṁ rāṣṭrābhivṛddhaye.
109.
sāmādīnām upāyānām caturṇām api paṇḍitāḥ sāma
daṇḍau praśaṅsanti nityam rāṣṭrabhivṛddhaye
daṇḍau praśaṅsanti nityam rāṣṭrabhivṛddhaye
109.
sāmādīnām caturṇām upāyānām api paṇḍitāḥ nityam
sāma daṇḍau rāṣṭrabhivṛddhaye praśaṅsanti
sāma daṇḍau rāṣṭrabhivṛddhaye praśaṅsanti
109.
Indeed, the learned praise the two, conciliation (sāman) and punishment (daṇḍa), for the constant growth of the kingdom, among the four means beginning with conciliation.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- सामादीनाम् (sāmādīnām) - of the means beginning with conciliation (of those beginning with conciliation)
- उपायानाम् (upāyānām) - of the means (of statecraft) (of means, of methods)
- चतुर्णाम् (caturṇām) - of the four
- अपि (api) - indeed, even (also, even, and, indeed)
- पण्डिताः (paṇḍitāḥ) - learned people, scholars (learned people, wise men, scholars)
- साम (sāma) - conciliation (as a political tool) (conciliation, agreement)
- दण्डौ (daṇḍau) - punishment (as a political tool) (two punishments, two rods)
- प्रशङ्सन्ति (praśaṅsanti) - praise, commend (they praise, they commend)
- नित्यम् (nityam) - constantly (always, constantly, eternally)
- राष्ट्रभिवृद्धये (rāṣṭrabhivṛddhaye) - for the growth and prosperity of the kingdom (for the growth of the kingdom)
Words meanings and morphology
सामादीनाम् (sāmādīnām) - of the means beginning with conciliation (of those beginning with conciliation)
(adjective)
Genitive, masculine, plural of sāmādi
sāmādi - beginning with samā (conciliation)
Compound of sāman (conciliation) and ādi (beginning).
Compound type : tatpurusha (sāman+ādi)
- sāman – conciliation, agreement, harmony, Sama Veda
noun (neuter) - ādi – beginning, commencement, first
noun (masculine)
उपायानाम् (upāyānām) - of the means (of statecraft) (of means, of methods)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of upāya
upāya - means, method, device, stratagem, remedy, way
Prefix: upa
Root: √i (class 2)
चतुर्णाम् (caturṇām) - of the four
(numeral)
अपि (api) - indeed, even (also, even, and, indeed)
(indeclinable)
पण्डिताः (paṇḍitāḥ) - learned people, scholars (learned people, wise men, scholars)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of paṇḍita
paṇḍita - learned, wise, scholar, pundit
साम (sāma) - conciliation (as a political tool) (conciliation, agreement)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of sāman
sāman - conciliation, agreement, harmony, Sama Veda
दण्डौ (daṇḍau) - punishment (as a political tool) (two punishments, two rods)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, dual of daṇḍa
daṇḍa - stick, staff, rod, club, punishment, penalty, force
प्रशङ्सन्ति (praśaṅsanti) - praise, commend (they praise, they commend)
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of praśans
Present Tense
Root śans (to praise) with prefix pra- (forth, forward). Present tense, 3rd person plural.
Prefix: pra
Root: √śans (class 1)
नित्यम् (nityam) - constantly (always, constantly, eternally)
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, singular of nitya
nitya - eternal, constant, perpetual, always
Note: Used adverbially here.
राष्ट्रभिवृद्धये (rāṣṭrabhivṛddhaye) - for the growth and prosperity of the kingdom (for the growth of the kingdom)
(noun)
Dative, feminine, singular of rāṣṭrabhivṛddhi
rāṣṭrabhivṛddhi - growth and prosperity of the kingdom
Compound of rāṣṭra (kingdom) and abhivṛddhi (growth, prosperity).
Compound type : tatpurusha (rāṣṭra+abhivṛddhi)
- rāṣṭra – kingdom, realm, dominion, rule, sovereignty
noun (neuter) - abhivṛddhi – growth, increase, prosperity, development
noun (feminine)
Nominal derivation
Derived from the verb √vṛdh (to grow) with prefix abhi- (towards, over).
Prefix: abhi
Root: √vṛdh (class 1)