मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-7, verse-105
नास्य छिद्रं परो विद्याद विद्यात्छिद्रं परस्य च ।
गूहेत कूर्म इवाङ्गानि रक्षेद विवरमात्मनः ॥१०५॥
गूहेत कूर्म इवाङ्गानि रक्षेद विवरमात्मनः ॥१०५॥
105. nāsya chidraṁ paro vidyād vidyātchidraṁ parasya ca ,
gūhet kūrma ivāṅgāni rakṣed vivaramātmanaḥ.
gūhet kūrma ivāṅgāni rakṣed vivaramātmanaḥ.
105.
nāsya chidraṃ paro vidyād vidyācchidraṃ parasya
ca gūheta kūrma ivāṅgāni rakṣed vivaramātmanaḥ
ca gūheta kūrma ivāṅgāni rakṣed vivaramātmanaḥ
105.
Let no one know your vulnerability; know the vulnerability of your opponent. Conceal your limbs like a tortoise, and protect your own weaknesses.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- न (na) - not
- अस्य (asya) - your (referring to the subject) (of him, of her, of it)
- छिद्रम् (chidram) - vulnerability, weak point (hole, gap, opening, fault, weakness)
- परः (paraḥ) - opponent, adversary (other, another, foreign, remote)
- विद्यात् (vidyāt) - should know, should understand
- विद्यात् (vidyāt) - know (as a command or instruction) (should know, should understand)
- छिद्रम् (chidram) - vulnerability, weak point (hole, gap, opening, fault, weakness)
- परस्य (parasya) - of the opponent (of the other, of another)
- च (ca) - connects the two clauses (and)
- गूहेत (gūheta) - should hide, should conceal
- कूर्मः (kūrmaḥ) - tortoise, turtle
- इव (iva) - like, as
- अङ्गानि (aṅgāni) - limbs, parts of the body
- रक्षेद् (rakṣed) - should protect, should guard
- विवरम् (vivaram) - weakness, unprotected area (opening, hole, gap, fissure, space)
- आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - one's own (self) (of the self, of the soul)
Words meanings and morphology
न (na) - not
(indeclinable)
अस्य (asya) - your (referring to the subject) (of him, of her, of it)
(pronoun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of etad
etad - this, that
Note: Genitive singular form, refers to the implied subject.
छिद्रम् (chidram) - vulnerability, weak point (hole, gap, opening, fault, weakness)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of chidra
chidra - hole, gap, opening, fault, defect, weakness
Note: Accusative singular form, object of 'vidyāt'.
परः (paraḥ) - opponent, adversary (other, another, foreign, remote)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of para
para - other, another, remote, supreme, external, enemy
Note: Subject of 'vidyāt'.
विद्यात् (vidyāt) - should know, should understand
(verb)
3rd person , middle, precative (vidhiling) of vid
Atmanepada, Vidhiling (precative)
Root √vid (class 2, Atmanepada) + Vidhiling suffix.
Root: vid (class 2)
विद्यात् (vidyāt) - know (as a command or instruction) (should know, should understand)
(verb)
3rd person , middle, precative (vidhiling) of vid
Atmanepada, Vidhiling (precative)
Root √vid (class 2, Atmanepada) + Vidhiling suffix.
Root: vid (class 2)
छिद्रम् (chidram) - vulnerability, weak point (hole, gap, opening, fault, weakness)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of chidra
chidra - hole, gap, opening, fault, defect, weakness
Note: Accusative singular form, object of 'vidyāt'.
परस्य (parasya) - of the opponent (of the other, of another)
(adjective)
Genitive, masculine, singular of para
para - other, another, remote, supreme, external, enemy
Note: Genitive singular form, refers to the opponent.
च (ca) - connects the two clauses (and)
(indeclinable)
गूहेत (gūheta) - should hide, should conceal
(verb)
3rd person , middle, precative (vidhiling) of guh
Atmanepada, Vidhiling (precative)
Root √guh (class 6, Atmanepada) + Vidhiling suffix.
Root: guh (class 6)
कूर्मः (kūrmaḥ) - tortoise, turtle
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of kūrma
kūrma - tortoise, turtle
Note: Nominative singular form, used for comparison.
इव (iva) - like, as
(indeclinable)
अङ्गानि (aṅgāni) - limbs, parts of the body
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, plural of aṅga
aṅga - limb, body, part, member, division, aid, assistance
Note: Accusative plural form, object of 'gūheta'.
रक्षेद् (rakṣed) - should protect, should guard
(verb)
3rd person , middle, precative (vidhiling) of rakṣ
Atmanepada, Vidhiling (precative)
Root √rakṣ (class 1, Atmanepada) + Vidhiling suffix.
Root: rakṣ (class 1)
विवरम् (vivaram) - weakness, unprotected area (opening, hole, gap, fissure, space)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of vivara
vivara - opening, hole, gap, fissure, space, aperture
Note: Accusative singular form, object of 'rakṣed'.
आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - one's own (self) (of the self, of the soul)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of ātman
ātman - self, soul, spirit, mind, breath, body
Note: Genitive singular form, modifies 'vivaram'.