मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-7, verse-151
मध्यंदिनेऽर्धरात्रे वा विश्रान्तो विगतक्लमः ।
चिन्तयेद धर्मकामार्थान सार्धं तैरेक एव वा ॥१५१॥
चिन्तयेद धर्मकामार्थान सार्धं तैरेक एव वा ॥१५१॥
151. madhyaṁdine'rdharātre vā viśrānto vigataklamaḥ ,
cintayed dharmakāmārthān sārdhaṁ taireka eva vā.
cintayed dharmakāmārthān sārdhaṁ taireka eva vā.
151.
madhyandine ardharātre vā viśrāntaḥ vigataklamaḥ
cintayet dharma-kāmārthān sārdham taiḥ ekavaḥ eva vā
cintayet dharma-kāmārthān sārdham taiḥ ekavaḥ eva vā
151.
Either at noon (madhyandine) or at midnight (ardharātre vā), being rested (viśrāntaḥ) and free from fatigue (vigataklamaḥ), one should contemplate (cintayet) dharma, artha, and kāma, either alone (ekavaḥ vā) or together with them (sārdham taiḥ).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- मध्यन्दिने (madhyandine) - at noon
- अर्धरात्रे (ardharātre) - at midnight
- वा (vā) - or
- विश्रान्तः (viśrāntaḥ) - being rested (rested, relaxed)
- विगतक्लमः (vigataklamaḥ) - free from fatigue
- चिन्तयेत् (cintayet) - should contemplate (he should think, he may think)
- धर्म-कामार्थान् (dharma-kāmārthān) - dharma, artha, and kāma (dharma, desire, and wealth)
- सार्धम् (sārdham) - together with (together with, along with)
- तैः (taiḥ) - with them (by them, with them)
- एकवः (ekavaḥ) - alone (alone, by oneself)
- एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, only, even)
- वा (vā) - or
Words meanings and morphology
मध्यन्दिने (madhyandine) - at noon
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of madhyandina
madhyandina - midday, noon
Compound of madhya 'middle' and dina 'day'.
Compound type : tatpurusha (madhya+dina)
- madhya – middle, central, noon
noun (neuter) - dina – day
noun (neuter)
अर्धरात्रे (ardharātre) - at midnight
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of ardharātra
ardharātra - midnight
Compound of ardha 'half' and rātra 'night'.
Compound type : tatpurusha (ardha+rātra)
- ardha – half
adjective (masculine) - rātra – night
noun (neuter)
वा (vā) - or
(indeclinable)
विश्रान्तः (viśrāntaḥ) - being rested (rested, relaxed)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of viśrānta
viśrānta - rested, relaxed, weary, tired
Past Passive Participle
From the root √śram 'to toil, be weary' with prefix vi- 'away, thoroughly'.
Prefix: vi
Root: śram (class 7)
विगतक्लमः (vigataklamaḥ) - free from fatigue
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of vigataklama
vigataklama - free from fatigue, not tired
Compound of vi- 'without' and gat 'gone' and klama 'fatigue'.
Compound type : avyayibhava (vi+gata+klama)
- vi – apart, away, without
indeclinable - gata – gone, past
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
From the root √gam 'to go'.
Root: gam (class 1) - klama – fatigue, weariness, exertion
noun (masculine)
चिन्तयेत् (cintayet) - should contemplate (he should think, he may think)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, potential (liṅ) of cint
Potential mood (optative), active voice
Root √cint (parasmaipada) 'to think'.
Root: cint (class 10)
धर्म-कामार्थान् (dharma-kāmārthān) - dharma, artha, and kāma (dharma, desire, and wealth)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of dharmakāmārtha
dharmakāmārtha - dharma, kāma, and artha
Compound of dharma, kāma, and artha.
Compound type : samasahāraya (dharma+kāma+artha)
- dharma – duty, virtue, righteousness, natural law, innate constitution
noun (masculine)
From the root √dhr 'to hold, support'.
Root: dhr (class 1) - kāma – desire, longing, pleasure, love
noun (masculine)
From the root √kam 'to desire'.
Root: kam (class 1) - artha – wealth, prosperity, meaning, purpose, object
noun (masculine)
From the root √ṛ 'to go, obtain'.
Root: ṛ (class 2)
सार्धम् (sārdham) - together with (together with, along with)
(indeclinable)
तैः (taiḥ) - with them (by them, with them)
(pronoun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of tad
tad - that, it
Note: Refers to dharma, kāma, and artha.
एकवः (ekavaḥ) - alone (alone, by oneself)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of ekava
ekava - alone, one
Compound of eka 'one' and va 'manner' (or possibly just emphasis).
एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, only, even)
(indeclinable)
वा (vā) - or
(indeclinable)