मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-7, verse-68
बुद्ध्वा च सर्वं तत्त्वेन परराजचिकीर्षितम ।
तथा प्रयत्नमातिष्ठेद यथाऽत्मानं न पीडयेत ॥६८॥
तथा प्रयत्नमातिष्ठेद यथाऽत्मानं न पीडयेत ॥६८॥
68. buddhvā ca sarvaṁ tattvena pararājacikīrṣitam ,
tathā prayatnamātiṣṭhed yathā'tmānaṁ na pīḍayet.
tathā prayatnamātiṣṭhed yathā'tmānaṁ na pīḍayet.
68.
buddhva cha sarvam tattvena pararajachikīrṣitam
tathā prayatnam ātiṣṭhet yathā ātmānam na pīḍayet
tathā prayatnam ātiṣṭhet yathā ātmānam na pīḍayet
68.
buddhva sarvam tattvena pararajachikīrṣitam cha
tathā prayatnam ātiṣṭhet yathā ātmānam na pīḍayet
tathā prayatnam ātiṣṭhet yathā ātmānam na pīḍayet
68.
Having understood the intentions of the enemy king thoroughly, one should then make efforts in such a way that one does not harm oneself.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- बुद्ध्व (buddhva) - having understood, having known
- छ (cha) - and, also
- सर्वम् (sarvam) - all the intentions (all, entire, whole)
- तत्त्वेन (tattvena) - thoroughly, in accordance with truth (by essence, by truth, in reality, thoroughly)
- पररजछिकीर्षितम् (pararajachikīrṣitam) - the intentions of the enemy king (the desire to harm another kingdom, the intention of the enemy king)
- तथा (tathā) - then, in that manner (so, thus, in that way)
- प्रयत्नम् (prayatnam) - effort (effort, exertion, endeavor)
- आतिष्ठेत् (ātiṣṭhet) - should make efforts (should undertake, should apply, should perform)
- यथा (yathā) - in such a way that (as, like, in order that)
- आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - oneself (self, soul)
- न (na) - not
- पीडयेत् (pīḍayet) - harm (should cause pain, should afflict, should trouble)
Words meanings and morphology
बुद्ध्व (buddhva) - having understood, having known
(indeclinable)
absolutive
derived from the root budh (to know) with the suffix ktvā.
Root: budh (class 4)
छ (cha) - and, also
(indeclinable)
सर्वम् (sarvam) - all the intentions (all, entire, whole)
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of sarva
sarva - all, entire, whole, every
तत्त्वेन (tattvena) - thoroughly, in accordance with truth (by essence, by truth, in reality, thoroughly)
(noun)
Instrumental, neuter, singular of tattva
tattva - thatness, reality, truth, principle, element, essence
derived from tat (that) + tva (suffix for abstract nouns).
पररजछिकीर्षितम् (pararajachikīrṣitam) - the intentions of the enemy king (the desire to harm another kingdom, the intention of the enemy king)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of pararajachikīrṣita
pararajachikīrṣita - that which is desired to be done by another king, intention of the enemy king
past passive participle
from the causative form of the root kṛ (to do) with the intention of harm to another king (para-rāja-cikīrṣā).
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (para+rāja+cikīrṣita)
- para – other, another, foreign
adjective - rāja – king
noun (masculine) - cikīrṣita – desired to be done
noun (neuter)
past passive participle
derived from the causative of kṛ (to do).
Root: kṛ (class 8)
तथा (tathā) - then, in that manner (so, thus, in that way)
(indeclinable)
प्रयत्नम् (prayatnam) - effort (effort, exertion, endeavor)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of prayatna
prayatna - effort, exertion, endeavor, striving
derived from the root yat (to strive) with the prefix pra (forth, intensely).
Prefix: pra
Root: yat (class 1)
आतिष्ठेत् (ātiṣṭhet) - should make efforts (should undertake, should apply, should perform)
(verb)
3rd person , active, potential (liṅ) of ā-tiṣṭh
present indicative, potential mood (vidhiliṅ)
derived from the root sthā (to stand) with the prefix ā, conjugated in the third person singular potential mood.
Prefix: ā
Root: sthā (class 1)
यथा (yathā) - in such a way that (as, like, in order that)
(indeclinable)
आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - oneself (self, soul)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of ātman
ātman - self, soul, spirit, mind, ego
न (na) - not
(indeclinable)
पीडयेत् (pīḍayet) - harm (should cause pain, should afflict, should trouble)
(verb)
3rd person , active, potential (liṅ) of pīḍa
derived from the root piḍ (to press, to afflict).
Root: piḍ (class 10)
Note: This seems to be a verb form derived from the noun 'pīḍā'. The form pīḍayet typically means 'he/she/it should cause pain'. This is a causative form of the root piḍ. It's conjugated in the potential mood.