मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-7, verse-17
स राजा पुरुषो दण्डः स नेता शासिता च सः ।
चतुर्णामाश्रमाणां च धर्मस्य प्रतिभूः स्मृतः ॥१७॥
चतुर्णामाश्रमाणां च धर्मस्य प्रतिभूः स्मृतः ॥१७॥
17. sa rājā puruṣo daṇḍaḥ sa netā śāsitā ca saḥ ,
caturṇāmāśramāṇāṁ ca dharmasya pratibhūḥ smṛtaḥ.
caturṇāmāśramāṇāṁ ca dharmasya pratibhūḥ smṛtaḥ.
17.
sa rājā puruṣo daṇḍaḥ sa netā śāsitā ca saḥ |
caturṇāmāśramāṇāṃ ca dharmasya pratibhūḥ smṛtaḥ
caturṇāmāśramāṇāṃ ca dharmasya pratibhūḥ smṛtaḥ
17.
saḥ rājā puruṣaḥ daṇḍaḥ saḥ netā śāsitā ca saḥ
caturṇām āśramāṇām dharmasya ca pratibhūḥ smṛtaḥ
caturṇām āśramāṇām dharmasya ca pratibhūḥ smṛtaḥ
17.
He is the king, he is the person (puruṣa), he is the rod of punishment (daṇḍa), he is the leader, and he is the ruler. He is remembered as the surety for the dharma (natural law) of the four stages of life (āśramas).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- सः (saḥ) - he (referring to the daṇḍa/punishment) (he, that)
- राजा (rājā) - king (king, ruler)
- पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - person (puruṣa) (person, man, male being, supreme being)
- दण्डः (daṇḍaḥ) - rod of punishment (daṇḍa) (stick, staff, rod, punishment)
- सः (saḥ) - he (he, that)
- नेता (netā) - leader (leader, guide)
- शासिता (śāsitā) - ruler (ruler, governor, teacher)
- च (ca) - and (and, also, even)
- सः (saḥ) - he (he, that)
- चतुर्णाम् (caturṇām) - of the four
- आश्रमाणाम् (āśramāṇām) - of the stages of life (āśramas) (of the stages of life, of hermitages)
- च (ca) - and (and, also, even)
- धर्मस्य (dharmasya) - of the dharma (natural law) (of the dharma, of righteousness, of natural law)
- प्रतिभूः (pratibhūḥ) - surety (surety, guarantee, pledge)
- स्मृतः (smṛtaḥ) - remembered (remembered, considered, called)
Words meanings and morphology
सः (saḥ) - he (referring to the daṇḍa/punishment) (he, that)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, it, he, she, they
राजा (rājā) - king (king, ruler)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan
rājan - king, ruler, sovereign
Possibly from √rañj (rañj) 'to be delighted' or related to royal power.
पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - person (puruṣa) (person, man, male being, supreme being)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of puruṣa
puruṣa - person, man, male, human being, spirit, the supreme being
Compound of 'puru' (many) and 'puru' (to fill) or 'puru' (to go).
दण्डः (daṇḍaḥ) - rod of punishment (daṇḍa) (stick, staff, rod, punishment)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of daṇḍa
daṇḍa - stick, staff, rod, punishment, penalty, sceptre
possibly related to 'daṇḍ' (to strike)
Root: √daṇḍ (daṇḍ) (class 10)
सः (saḥ) - he (he, that)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, it, he, she, they
नेता (netā) - leader (leader, guide)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of netṛ
netṛ - leader, guide, conductor
Agent Noun
from √nī (nī) 'to lead'
Root: √nī (nī) (class 1)
शासिता (śāsitā) - ruler (ruler, governor, teacher)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of śāsitṛ
śāsitṛ - ruler, governor, teacher, one who instructs
Agent Noun
from √śās (śās) 'to rule, teach, command'
Root: √śās (śās) (class 2)
च (ca) - and (and, also, even)
(indeclinable)
सः (saḥ) - he (he, that)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, it, he, she, they
चतुर्णाम् (caturṇām) - of the four
(numeral)
आश्रमाणाम् (āśramāṇām) - of the stages of life (āśramas) (of the stages of life, of hermitages)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of āśrama
āśrama - hermitage, dwelling place, stage of life, religious order
from 'ā' (prefix) and √śram (śram) 'to toil, exert oneself'
Prefix: ā
Root: √śram (śram) (class 1)
च (ca) - and (and, also, even)
(indeclinable)
धर्मस्य (dharmasya) - of the dharma (natural law) (of the dharma, of righteousness, of natural law)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of dharma
dharma - innate nature, natural law, righteousness, duty, religion, virtue
from √dhṛ (dhṛ) 'to hold, support'
Root: √dhṛ (dhṛ) (class 2)
प्रतिभूः (pratibhūḥ) - surety (surety, guarantee, pledge)
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of pratibhū
pratibhū - surety, guarantee, pledge, witness
Compound of 'prati' (in return, against) and 'bhū' (to be, exist)
Compound type : tatpurusha (prati+bhū)
- prati – in return, against, towards, back, again
prefix/indeclinable - bhū – being, existence, earth
noun (feminine)
from √bhū (bhū) 'to be'
Root: √bhū (bhū) (class 1)
स्मृतः (smṛtaḥ) - remembered (remembered, considered, called)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of smṛ
smṛ - to remember, to think, to recall
Past Passive Participle
Root 'smṛ', 2nd class, Parasmaipada, with past passive participle suffix 'ta'.
Root: √smṛ (smṛ) (class 2)
Note: Functions as an adjective here, agreeing with pratibhūḥ.