मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-7, verse-28
दण्डो हि सुमहत्तेजो दुर्धरश्चाकृतात्मभिः ।
धर्माद विचलितं हन्ति नृपमेव सबान्धवम ॥२८॥
धर्माद विचलितं हन्ति नृपमेव सबान्धवम ॥२८॥
28. daṇḍo hi sumahattejo durdharaścākṛtātmabhiḥ ,
dharmād vicalitaṁ hanti nṛpameva sabāndhavam.
dharmād vicalitaṁ hanti nṛpameva sabāndhavam.
28.
daṇḍo hi sumahattejo durdharaścākr̥tātmaibhiḥ
dharmād vichalitaṃ hanti nr̥pamēva sabāndhavam
dharmād vichalitaṃ hanti nr̥pamēva sabāndhavam
28.
hi daṇḍaḥ sumahattejaḥ durdharaḥ ca akr̥tātmaibhiḥ
(asti) dharmāt vichalitaṃ nr̥pam sabāndhavam eva hanti
(asti) dharmāt vichalitaṃ nr̥pam sabāndhavam eva hanti
28.
Indeed, punishment is a great power, and difficult to bear for the undisciplined. It strikes down the king himself along with his relatives if he deviates from righteousness (dharma).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- दण्डः (daṇḍaḥ) - punishment (punishment, rod, sceptre)
- हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, because)
- सुमहत्तेजः (sumahattejaḥ) - a great power (having great energy, very powerful)
- दुर्धरः (durdharaḥ) - difficult to bear (difficult to hold, difficult to bear, unmanageable)
- च (ca) - and (and, also)
- अक्र्̥तात्मैभिः (akr̥tātmaibhiḥ) - for the undisciplined (by the undisciplined, by the uncontrolled)
- धर्माद् (dharmād) - from righteousness (dharma) (from dharma, from righteousness)
- विछलितं (vichalitaṁ) - deviates (deviated, moved, unsteady)
- हन्ति (hanti) - strikes (strikes, kills)
- न्र्̥पम् (nr̥pam) - king
- एव (eva) - himself (indeed, even, only, thus)
- सबान्धवम् (sabāndhavam) - along with his relatives (with relatives, along with relatives)
Words meanings and morphology
दण्डः (daṇḍaḥ) - punishment (punishment, rod, sceptre)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of daṇḍa
daṇḍa - punishment, rod, staff, penalty, sceptre
हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, because)
(indeclinable)
सुमहत्तेजः (sumahattejaḥ) - a great power (having great energy, very powerful)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of sumahattejas
sumahattejas - having great energy, very powerful
Compound of su, mahat, and tejas.
Compound type : tatpurusha (su+mahat+tejas)
- su – good, well, very
indeclinable - mahat – great, large, mighty
adjective (masculine) - tejas – energy, power, splendor, brilliance
noun (neuter)
दुर्धरः (durdharaḥ) - difficult to bear (difficult to hold, difficult to bear, unmanageable)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of durdhara
durdhara - difficult to hold, difficult to bear, unmanageable
Compound of dur and dhara (from √dhṛ).
Prefix: dur
Root: dhṛ (class 2)
च (ca) - and (and, also)
(indeclinable)
अक्र्̥तात्मैभिः (akr̥tātmaibhiḥ) - for the undisciplined (by the undisciplined, by the uncontrolled)
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of akr̥tātman
akr̥tātman - undisciplined, uncontrolled, unrefined
Negation (a-) of kr̥tātman (disciplined soul). Compound of a, kr̥ta, and ātman.
Compound type : tatpurusha (a+kr̥ta+ātman)
- a – not, un-
indeclinable - kr̥ta – made, done, accomplished
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
from √kṛ (to do, to make)
Root: kṛ (class 8) - ātman – self, soul, mind
noun (masculine)
धर्माद् (dharmād) - from righteousness (dharma) (from dharma, from righteousness)
(noun)
Ablative, masculine, singular of dharma
dharma - duty, righteousness, natural law, virtue, religion
विछलितं (vichalitaṁ) - deviates (deviated, moved, unsteady)
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, singular of vichalita
vichalita - deviated, moved, unsteady, wavering
Past Passive Participle
from vi-√cal (to move)
Prefix: vi
Root: cal (class 1)
हन्ति (hanti) - strikes (strikes, kills)
(verb)
3rd person , active, present (laṭ) of han
Present Tense
3rd person singular active present tense of √han (to strike)
Root: han (class 2)
न्र्̥पम् (nr̥pam) - king
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of nr̥pa
nr̥pa - king, ruler
एव (eva) - himself (indeed, even, only, thus)
(indeclinable)
सबान्धवम् (sabāndhavam) - along with his relatives (with relatives, along with relatives)
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, singular of sabāndhava
sabāndhava - with relatives, along with relatives
Compound of sa (with) and ābhandhava (relatives).