मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-7, verse-34
अतस्तु विपरीतस्य नृपतेरजितात्मनः ।
सङ्क्षिप्यते यशो लोके घृतबिन्दुरिवाम्भसि ॥३४॥
सङ्क्षिप्यते यशो लोके घृतबिन्दुरिवाम्भसि ॥३४॥
34. atastu viparītasya nṛpaterajitātmanaḥ ,
saṅkṣipyate yaśo loke ghṛtabindurivāmbhasi.
saṅkṣipyate yaśo loke ghṛtabindurivāmbhasi.
34.
atastu viparītasya nṛpateḥ ajitātmanaḥ |
saṅkṣipyate yaśo loke ghṛtabindurivāmbḥasi
saṅkṣipyate yaśo loke ghṛtabindurivāmbḥasi
34.
But for a king who is the opposite, one who has not controlled himself (ajitātman), his fame in the world quickly diminishes, just like a drop of ghee in water.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- अतस्तु (atastu) - But (but from this)
- विपरीतस्य (viparītasya) - who is the opposite (of the opposite)
- नृपतेः (nṛpateḥ) - of a king (of the king)
- अजितात्मनः (ajitātmanaḥ) - who has not controlled himself (of the uncontrolled soul)
- सङ्क्षिप्यते (saṅkṣipyate) - quickly diminishes (is compressed, is contracted, is quickly reduced)
- यशः (yaśaḥ) - fame (fame, glory, reputation)
- लोके (loke) - in the world
- घृतबिन्दुरिवाम्ब्ःअसि (ghṛtabindurivāmbḥasi) - like a drop of ghee in water
- इवाम्ब्ःअसि (ivāmbḥasi) - in water (like in water)
Words meanings and morphology
अतस्तु (atastu) - But (but from this)
(indeclinable)
Note: The particle 'tu' (but) is added, indicating contrast.
विपरीतस्य (viparītasya) - who is the opposite (of the opposite)
(adjective)
Genitive, masculine, singular of viparīta
viparīta - opposite, contrary, reversed
Past Passive Participle
from root 'vṛ' (to cover, choose) with prefix 'vi-pari'
Prefixes: vi+pari
Root: vṛ (class 1)
Note: Refers to the king.
नृपतेः (nṛpateḥ) - of a king (of the king)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of nṛpati
nṛpati - king, ruler
compound of 'nṛ' (man) and 'pati' (lord, master)
Compound type : tatpurusha (nṛ+pati)
- nṛ – man, human being
noun (masculine) - pati – lord, master, ruler
noun (masculine)
अजितात्मनः (ajitātmanaḥ) - who has not controlled himself (of the uncontrolled soul)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of ajitātman
ajitātman - one whose self is not conquered, uncontrolled in mind/self
compound of 'a-' (negation), 'jita' (conquered), and 'ātman' (self, soul)
Compound type : bahuvrihi (a+jita+ātman)
- a – not, un-
prefix - jita – conquered, won
participle (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
from root 'jñā' (to know) which also means 'to conquer' in some contexts, or from 'ji' (to conquer)
Root: ji (class 1) - ātman – self, soul, mind, spirit
noun (masculine)
सङ्क्षिप्यते (saṅkṣipyate) - quickly diminishes (is compressed, is contracted, is quickly reduced)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of sam-kship
Present passive
from root 'kṣip' (to throw) with prefix 'sam'
Prefix: sam
Root: kṣip (class 1)
Note: In this context, it implies a rapid decrease or reduction.
यशः (yaśaḥ) - fame (fame, glory, reputation)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of yaśas
yaśas - fame, glory, reputation, renown
लोके (loke) - in the world
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of loka
loka - world, realm, people, universe
घृतबिन्दुरिवाम्ब्ःअसि (ghṛtabindurivāmbḥasi) - like a drop of ghee in water
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of ghṛtabindu
ghṛtabindu - drop of ghee
compound of 'ghṛta' (ghee) and 'bindu' (drop)
Compound type : tatpurusha (ghṛta+bindu)
- ghṛta – ghee, clarified butter
noun (neuter) - bindu – drop, point
noun (masculine)
Note: The suffix 'iva' (like) is attached, making it a simile. The word 'ambḥasi' (in water) is also part of the simile.
इवाम्ब्ःअसि (ivāmbḥasi) - in water (like in water)
(indeclinable)
Note: 'iva' is attached to 'ghṛtabindu' to mean 'like a drop of ghee'. 'ambḥasi' means 'in water'.