मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-7, verse-192
स्यन्दनाश्वैः समे युध्येदनूपेनोद्विपैस्तथा ।
वृक्षगुल्मावृते चापैरसिचर्मायुधैः स्थले ॥१९२॥
वृक्षगुल्मावृते चापैरसिचर्मायुधैः स्थले ॥१९२॥
192. syandanāśvaiḥ same yudhyedanūpenodvipaistathā ,
vṛkṣagulmāvṛte cāpairasicarmāyudhaiḥ sthale.
vṛkṣagulmāvṛte cāpairasicarmāyudhaiḥ sthale.
192.
syandanāśvaiḥ same yudhyed anūpena udvipaistathā
vṛkṣagulmāvṛte cāpair asi-caramāyudhaiḥ sthale
vṛkṣagulmāvṛte cāpair asi-caramāyudhaiḥ sthale
192.
syandanāśvaiḥ same yudhyet anūpena udvipaistathā
vṛkṣagulmāvṛte cāpair asi-caramāyudhaiḥ sthale
vṛkṣagulmāvṛte cāpair asi-caramāyudhaiḥ sthale
192.
In battle on level ground, fight with chariots and horses; in marshy land, with elephants; in places covered with trees and bushes, with archers; and on open ground, with swords and shields.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- स्यन्दनाश्वैः (syandanāśvaiḥ) - by chariots and horses
- समे (same) - on level ground (level, even, equal)
- युध्येत् (yudhyet) - should fight
- अनूपेन (anūpena) - in marshy land (by elephants, in marshy land)
- उद्विपैस्तथा (udvipaistathā) - and with elephants (and with elephants likewise)
- वृक्षगुल्मावृते (vṛkṣagulmāvṛte) - in a place covered with trees and bushes
- चापैर् (cāpair) - with bows
- असि-चरमायुधैः (asi-caramāyudhaiḥ) - with swords and shields (with sword and shield-weapons)
- स्थले (sthale) - on open ground (on land, on the ground)
Words meanings and morphology
स्यन्दनाश्वैः (syandanāśvaiḥ) - by chariots and horses
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of syandanāśva
syandanāśva - chariot and horse
Compound type : dvandva (syandana+aśva)
- syandana – chariot, vehicle
noun (neuter)
Root: syand (class 1) - aśva – horse
noun (masculine)
Note: instrumental plural used to denote means of transport
समे (same) - on level ground (level, even, equal)
(adjective)
Locative, masculine, singular of sama
sama - even, level, equal, same, calm
Note: locative singular used adverbially
युध्येत् (yudhyet) - should fight
(verb)
3rd person , middle, potential (vidhliṅ) of yudh
Atmanepadi
root yudh 1.353, atmanepadi form
Root: yudh (class 1)
अनूपेन (anūpena) - in marshy land (by elephants, in marshy land)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of anūpa
anūpa - marshy land, aquatic region
Note: locative singular used adverbially to denote place
उद्विपैस्तथा (udvipaistathā) - and with elephants (and with elephants likewise)
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of udvipa
udvipa - elephant
Prefix: ud
Root: vī (class 2)
Note: instrumental singular used to denote means of transport, 'tathā' here acts as a conjunction 'and'
वृक्षगुल्मावृते (vṛkṣagulmāvṛte) - in a place covered with trees and bushes
(adjective)
Locative, feminine, singular of vṛkṣagulmāvṛta
vṛkṣagulmāvṛta - covered with trees and bushes
Past Passive Participle
past passive participle of 'vṛ' (to cover) with 'gulma' and 'vṛkṣa'
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vṛkṣa+gulma+vṛta)
- vṛkṣa – tree
noun (masculine) - gulma – bush, shrub, thicket
noun (masculine) - vṛta – covered, surrounded, enclosed
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
past passive participle of root 'vṛ' (to cover)
Root: vṛ (class 2)
Note: locative singular, modifying 'sthale' which is implied or understood from context
चापैर् (cāpair) - with bows
(noun)
Instrumental, neuter, singular of cāpa
cāpa - bow (weapon)
Note: instrumental singular used to denote means of combat
असि-चरमायुधैः (asi-caramāyudhaiḥ) - with swords and shields (with sword and shield-weapons)
(noun)
Instrumental, neuter, singular of asi-caramāyudha
asi-caramāyudha - sword and shield weapons
Compound type : dvandva (asi+carma+āyudha)
- asi – sword
noun (masculine) - carma – leather, hide, shield
noun (neuter) - āyudha – weapon, armament
noun (neuter)
Note: instrumental singular, referring to weapons of close combat
स्थले (sthale) - on open ground (on land, on the ground)
(noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of sthala
sthala - land, ground, dry place
Note: locative singular used adverbially to denote place