मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-7, verse-159
तान सर्वानभिसंदध्यात सामादिभिरुपक्रमैः ।
व्यस्तैश्चैव समस्तैश्च पौरुषेण नयेन च ॥१५९॥
व्यस्तैश्चैव समस्तैश्च पौरुषेण नयेन च ॥१५९॥
159. tān sarvānabhisaṁdadhyāt sāmādibhirupakramaiḥ ,
vyastaiścaiva samastaiśca pauruṣeṇa nayena ca.
vyastaiścaiva samastaiśca pauruṣeṇa nayena ca.
159.
tān sarvānabhisandadhyāt sāmādhibhirupakramaiḥ
| vyastaistā ca samastaiśca pauruṣeṇa nayena ca
| vyastaistā ca samastaiśca pauruṣeṇa nayena ca
159.
One should bring all of them under control using diplomatic means such as conciliation, division, etc., through individual and collective efforts, with valor and strategy.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- तान् (tān) - all of them (them, those)
- सर्वान् (sarvān) - all of them (all, entire, whole)
- अभिसन्दध्यात् (abhisandadhyāt) - should bring under control (should bring together, should unite, should control, should subdue)
- साम (sāma) - conciliation (as a diplomatic means) (conciliation, harmony, agreement)
- आधिः (ādhiḥ) - division (as a diplomatic means) (pledge, security, deposit, mind, thought)
- उपक्रमैः (upakramaiḥ) - using diplomatic means (by efforts, by attempts, by means, by enterprises)
- व्यस्तैः (vyastaiḥ) - through individual efforts (separated, individual, dispersed)
- च (ca) - and
- समस्तैः (samastaiḥ) - through collective efforts (all together, combined, entire)
- च (ca) - and
- पौरुषेण (pauruṣeṇa) - with valor (by manly effort, by valor, by strength, by male energy)
- नयेन (nayena) - and strategy (by policy, by strategy, by leadership, by conduct)
- च (ca) - and
Words meanings and morphology
तान् (tān) - all of them (them, those)
(pronoun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Note: Refers to the previously mentioned entities (enemy, friend, etc.).
सर्वान् (sarvān) - all of them (all, entire, whole)
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, plural of sarva
sarva - all, entire, whole, every
Note: Modifies 'tān'.
अभिसन्दध्यात् (abhisandadhyāt) - should bring under control (should bring together, should unite, should control, should subdue)
(verb)
3rd person , active, potential (vidhliṅ) of abhiṣamdha
Potential Mood (Vidhi Liṅ)
from the root 'dha' (to place, put) with prefixes 'abhi' and 'sam'. The form is third person singular.
Prefixes: abhi+sam
Root: dha (class 3)
साम (sāma) - conciliation (as a diplomatic means) (conciliation, harmony, agreement)
(noun)
Instrumental, neuter, singular of sāman
sāman - conciliation, harmony, agreement, Sama Veda
आधिः (ādhiḥ) - division (as a diplomatic means) (pledge, security, deposit, mind, thought)
(noun)
Instrumental, feminine, singular of ādhi
ādhi - pledge, security, deposit, mind, worry, anxiety
Prefix: ā
Root: dhā (class 3)
Note: Likely refers to 'bheda' (division), one of the four political strategies.
उपक्रमैः (upakramaiḥ) - using diplomatic means (by efforts, by attempts, by means, by enterprises)
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of upakrama
upakrama - effort, attempt, enterprise, undertaking, means
Nominal
from upa + kram 'to step, go'
Prefix: upa
Root: kram (class 1)
व्यस्तैः (vyastaiḥ) - through individual efforts (separated, individual, dispersed)
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of vyasta
vyasta - scattered, dispersed, separated, divided, occupied
Past Passive Participle
from vi + √as 'to throw, scatter'
Prefix: vi
Root: as (class 2)
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
समस्तैः (samastaiḥ) - through collective efforts (all together, combined, entire)
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of samasta
samasta - all together, collected, entire, whole, aggregate
Past Passive Participle
from sam + √as 'to throw, place'
Prefix: sam
Root: as (class 2)
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
पौरुषेण (pauruṣeṇa) - with valor (by manly effort, by valor, by strength, by male energy)
(noun)
Instrumental, neuter, singular of pauruṣa
pauruṣa - manly, masculine, male, of man, strength, vigor, effort, valor
Nominal
from puruṣa 'man'
Root: puruṣa
नयेन (nayena) - and strategy (by policy, by strategy, by leadership, by conduct)
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of naya
naya - leading, guidance, policy, strategy, conduct, morality
Nominal
from ni 'to lead'
Prefix: ni
Root: ni (class 1)
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)