मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-7, verse-181
तदा तु यानमातिष्ठेदरिराष्ट्रं प्रति प्रभुः ।
तदानेन विधानेन यायादरिपुरं शनैः ॥१८१॥
तदानेन विधानेन यायादरिपुरं शनैः ॥१८१॥
181. tadā tu yānamātiṣṭhedarirāṣṭraṁ prati prabhuḥ ,
tadānena vidhānena yāyādaripuraṁ śanaiḥ.
tadānena vidhānena yāyādaripuraṁ śanaiḥ.
181.
tadā tu yānam ātiṣṭhet ari-rāṣṭram prati prabhuḥ
tadā-anena vidhānena yāyāt ari-puram śanaiḥ
tadā-anena vidhānena yāyāt ari-puram śanaiḥ
181.
prabhuḥ tu tadā ari-rāṣṭram prati yānam ātiṣṭhet
tadā anena vidhānena ari-puram śanaiḥ yāyāt
tadā anena vidhānena ari-puram śanaiḥ yāyāt
181.
Then, the ruler should undertake a campaign against the enemy's country. Then, by this method, he should gradually approach the enemy's city.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- तदा (tadā) - then, at that juncture (then, at that time)
- तु (tu) - and, then (serving as a connector) (but, however, and)
- यानम् (yānam) - expedition, campaign (going, journey, vehicle, expedition)
- आतिष्ठेत् (ātiṣṭhet) - should undertake, should embark upon (should stand upon, should undertake, should adhere to)
- अरि (ari) - enemy's (enemy)
- राष्ट्रम् (rāṣṭram) - country, territory (kingdom, realm, country)
- प्रति (prati) - against (towards, against, in accordance with)
- प्रभुः (prabhuḥ) - the ruler (lord, master, ruler, powerful)
- तदा-अनेन (tadā-anena) - then, by this (method) (then by this)
- विधानेन (vidhānena) - method, procedure (method, arrangement, procedure, rule)
- यायात् (yāyāt) - should proceed, should advance (should go, should proceed)
- अरि (ari) - enemy's (enemy)
- पुरम् (puram) - city (city, town)
- शनैः (śanaiḥ) - gradually, slowly (slowly, gradually, gently)
Words meanings and morphology
तदा (tadā) - then, at that juncture (then, at that time)
(indeclinable)
तु (tu) - and, then (serving as a connector) (but, however, and)
(indeclinable)
यानम् (yānam) - expedition, campaign (going, journey, vehicle, expedition)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of yāna
yāna - going, walking, journey, vehicle, ship, expedition
Gerundive
From the root 'yā' (to go) with the suffix '-na'.
Root: yā (class 2)
आतिष्ठेत् (ātiṣṭhet) - should undertake, should embark upon (should stand upon, should undertake, should adhere to)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (vidyāts) of ā-tiṣṭh
Root verb
Root 'sthā' (to stand) with prefix 'ā' and internal change to 'tiṣṭh' (a common variation).
Prefix: ā
Root: sthā (class 2)
Note: Potential mood implies 'should'.
अरि (ari) - enemy's (enemy)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of ari
ari - enemy, foe
Note: Part of a compound 'ari-rāṣṭram' and 'ari-puram', where it acts like a genitive.
राष्ट्रम् (rāṣṭram) - country, territory (kingdom, realm, country)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of rāṣṭra
rāṣṭra - kingdom, realm, dominion, country, rule
Derived from 'rājan' (king) and the suffix '-tra'.
Compound type : tatpurusha (rāṣṭra)
- ari – enemy, foe
noun (masculine)
Note: Part of compound 'ari-rāṣṭram'.
प्रति (prati) - against (towards, against, in accordance with)
(indeclinable)
प्रभुः (prabhuḥ) - the ruler (lord, master, ruler, powerful)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of prabhu
prabhu - lord, master, sovereign, ruler, powerful
From 'pra' (forth, before) and 'bhū' (to be, to exist).
Prefix: pra
Root: bhū (class 1)
तदा-अनेन (tadā-anena) - then, by this (method) (then by this)
(indeclinable)
Note: Treated as a single unit due to proximity, though originally separate words.
विधानेन (vidhānena) - method, procedure (method, arrangement, procedure, rule)
(noun)
Instrumental, neuter, singular of vidhāna
vidhāna - arrangement, disposition, method, procedure, rule, law
Past Passive Participle
From the root 'dhā' (to place, put, establish) with prefix 'vi' (apart, different) and the suffix '-na'. Signifies something that is 'established' or 'arranged'.
Prefix: vi
Root: dhā (class 3)
यायात् (yāyāt) - should proceed, should advance (should go, should proceed)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (vidyāts) of yā
Root verb
Root: yā (class 2)
Note: Potential mood implies 'should'.
अरि (ari) - enemy's (enemy)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of ari
ari - enemy, foe
Note: Part of a compound 'ari-puram', where it acts like a genitive.
पुरम् (puram) - city (city, town)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of pura
pura - city, town, fortress
Compound type : tatpurusha (pura)
- ari – enemy, foe
noun (masculine)
Note: Part of compound 'ari-puram'.
शनैः (śanaiḥ) - gradually, slowly (slowly, gradually, gently)
(indeclinable)