मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-7, verse-138
कारुकान शिल्पिनश्चैव शूद्रांश्चात्मोपजीविनः ।
एकैकं कारयेत कर्म मासि मासि महीपतिः ॥१३८॥
एकैकं कारयेत कर्म मासि मासि महीपतिः ॥१३८॥
138. kārukān śilpinaścaiva śūdrāṁścātmopajīvinaḥ ,
ekaikaṁ kārayet karma māsi māsi mahīpatiḥ.
ekaikaṁ kārayet karma māsi māsi mahīpatiḥ.
138.
kārukān śilpinaś caiva śūdrāṃś cātmapopajivinaḥ
ekaikaṃ kārayeta karma masi masi mahīpatiḥ
ekaikaṃ kārayeta karma masi masi mahīpatiḥ
138.
mahipatiḥ kārukān śilpinaḥ caiva śūdrān ca
ātmopajivinaḥ ekaikaṃ karma masi masi kārayeta
ātmopajivinaḥ ekaikaṃ karma masi masi kārayeta
138.
The king (mahipatiḥ) should have each of them perform one task every month: artisans (kārukān), craftsmen (śilpinaḥ), and śūdras (śūdrān) who live by their own work.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- कारुकान् (kārukān) - artisans (artisans, craftsmen)
- शिल्पिनः (śilpinaḥ) - craftsmen (craftsmen, artists)
- च (ca) - and (and, also)
- एव (eva) - and indeed (even, also, indeed, certainly)
- शूद्रान् (śūdrān) - śūdras (śūdras (the fourth caste))
- च (ca) - and (and, also)
- आत्मोपजिविनः (ātmopajivinaḥ) - who live by their own work (those who live by themselves, self-sufficient ones, those who live by their own work)
- एकैकं (ekaikaṁ) - each one (each one, one by one)
- कारयेत (kārayeta) - should have perform (should cause to do, should have made)
- कर्म (karma) - task (action, deed, work, duty, fate)
- मसि (masi) - every month (in the month)
- मसि (masi) - every month (in the month)
- महीपतिः (mahīpatiḥ) - king (king, lord of the earth)
Words meanings and morphology
कारुकान् (kārukān) - artisans (artisans, craftsmen)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of kāruka
kāruka - artisan, craftsman, maker
From the root 'kṛ' (to do, to make)
Root: kṛ (class 8)
शिल्पिनः (śilpinaḥ) - craftsmen (craftsmen, artists)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of śilpin
śilpin - craftsman, artisan, artist, architect
From 'śilpa' (art, craft)
Note: Although in nominative plural, it functions in a list with accusative words, implying 'and also craftsmen' as objects of 'have perform'.
च (ca) - and (and, also)
(indeclinable)
एव (eva) - and indeed (even, also, indeed, certainly)
(indeclinable)
शूद्रान् (śūdrān) - śūdras (śūdras (the fourth caste))
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of śūdra
śūdra - a member of the fourth caste, a labourer, a servant
च (ca) - and (and, also)
(indeclinable)
आत्मोपजिविनः (ātmopajivinaḥ) - who live by their own work (those who live by themselves, self-sufficient ones, those who live by their own work)
(participle)
Accusative, masculine, plural of ātmopajivin
ātmopajivin - living by oneself, self-supporting, living by one's own means
Present Active Participle
Compound of 'ātman' (self) and 'upajivin' (living by, depending on). 'Upajivin' is derived from the root 'jīv' (to live) with prefix 'upa'.
Compound type : tatpurusha (ātman+upajivin)
- ātman – self, soul, mind, intellect
noun (masculine) - upajivin – living by, subsisting on, depending on
participle (masculine)
Present Active Participle
From the root 'jīv' (to live) with prefix 'upa'.
Prefix: upa
Root: jīv (class 1)
एकैकं (ekaikaṁ) - each one (each one, one by one)
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of ekaika
ekaika - each one, one by one
Reduplication of 'eka' (one).
Note: Modifies 'karma'.
कारयेत (kārayeta) - should have perform (should cause to do, should have made)
(verb)
3rd person , active, optative (liṅ) of kṛ
Causative form
Causative of 'kṛ' (to do). Present subjunctive, 3rd person singular.
Root: kṛ (class 8)
कर्म (karma) - task (action, deed, work, duty, fate)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of karma
karma - action, deed, work, ritual, fate, result of action
From the root 'kṛ' (to do, to make)
Root: kṛ (class 8)
मसि (masi) - every month (in the month)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of māsi
māsi - in the month
Locative singular of 'māsa' (month).
मसि (masi) - every month (in the month)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of māsi
māsi - in the month
Locative singular of 'māsa' (month).
Note: Repeated for emphasis, indicating 'month after month'.
महीपतिः (mahīpatiḥ) - king (king, lord of the earth)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of mahīpati
mahīpati - king, ruler, lord of the earth
Compound of 'mahī' (earth) and 'pati' (lord, master).
Compound type : tatpurusha (mahī+pati)
- mahī – earth, ground
noun (feminine) - pati – lord, master, husband, ruler
noun (masculine)