मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-7, verse-49
द्वयोरप्येतयोर्मूलं यं सर्वे कवयो विदुः ।
तं यत्नेन जयेत्लोभं तज्जावेतावुभौ गणौ ॥४९॥
तं यत्नेन जयेत्लोभं तज्जावेतावुभौ गणौ ॥४९॥
49. dvayorapyetayormūlaṁ yaṁ sarve kavayo viduḥ ,
taṁ yatnena jayetlobhaṁ tajjāvetāvubhau gaṇau.
taṁ yatnena jayetlobhaṁ tajjāvetāvubhau gaṇau.
49.
dvayor api etayoḥ mūlam yaṃ sarve kavayaḥ viduḥ
taṃ yatnena jayet lobhaṃ taj jāu etau ubhau gaṇau
taṃ yatnena jayet lobhaṃ taj jāu etau ubhau gaṇau
49.
sarve kavayaḥ yaṃ viduḥ etayoḥ ubhau gaṇau mūlam
dvayoḥ api api tu lobhaṃ yatnena jayet taj jāu etau
dvayoḥ api api tu lobhaṃ yatnena jayet taj jāu etau
49.
The root of both these (groups) is known by all wise people. That greed (lobham) should be conquered with effort, for from it arise both these groups (gaṇau).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- द्वयोर् (dvayor) - of both (of the two)
- अपि (api) - also (also, even, too, and)
- एतयोः (etayoḥ) - of these (of these two)
- मूलम् (mūlam) - root (root, origin, foundation, base, cause)
- यं (yaṁ) - which (whom, which, that)
- सर्वे (sarve) - all (all, every)
- कवयः (kavayaḥ) - wise people (poets, seers, wise men, learned people)
- विदुः (viduḥ) - they know
- तं (taṁ) - that (him, it, that)
- यत्नेन (yatnena) - with effort (by effort, with exertion, by striving)
- जयेत् (jayet) - should be conquered (should conquer, may conquer)
- लोभं (lobhaṁ) - greed (greed, avarice, covetousness, desire)
- तज् (taj) - from it (from that)
- जा (jā) - arise (born)
- एतौ (etau) - both (these two)
- उभौ (ubhau) - both
- गणौ (gaṇau) - groups (two groups)
Words meanings and morphology
द्वयोर् (dvayor) - of both (of the two)
(noun)
Genitive, neuter, singular of dvaya
dvaya - two, pair, dual
Derived from dvi (two).
अपि (api) - also (also, even, too, and)
(indeclinable)
एतयोः (etayoḥ) - of these (of these two)
(pronoun)
Genitive, masculine, dual of etad
etad - this, that (proximal demonstrative)
Note: Refers to the two groups mentioned in the previous verse.
मूलम् (mūlam) - root (root, origin, foundation, base, cause)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of mūla
mūla - root, origin, base, foundation, source, principal (sum of money), cause
यं (yaṁ) - which (whom, which, that)
(pronoun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of yad
yad - which, who, what, that (relative pronoun)
Note: Refers to lobham (greed).
सर्वे (sarve) - all (all, every)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva
sarva - all, whole, entire, complete
कवयः (kavayaḥ) - wise people (poets, seers, wise men, learned people)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of kavi
kavi - poet, seer, sage, wise man, learned person, intelligent person
From root ku (to make, to praise) or root kavi (to see, to know).
Root: ku (class 2)
विदुः (viduḥ) - they know
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of vid
Present tense, 3rd person plural, active voice.
Root vid (to know) + laṭ lakāra.
Root: vid (class 2)
तं (taṁ) - that (him, it, that)
(pronoun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it (distal demonstrative)
Note: Refers to lobham (greed).
यत्नेन (yatnena) - with effort (by effort, with exertion, by striving)
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of yatna
yatna - effort, exertion, striving, attempt, diligence
From root yat (to strive, endeavor).
Root: yat (class 1)
जयेत् (jayet) - should be conquered (should conquer, may conquer)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, potential (liṅ) of ji
Potential mood, 3rd person singular, active voice.
Root ji (to conquer) + liṅ lakāra.
Root: ji (class 1)
Note: Used here in the passive sense of 'should be conquered' by the subject lobham.
लोभं (lobhaṁ) - greed (greed, avarice, covetousness, desire)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of lobha
lobha - greed, avarice, covetousness, desire, longing
From root lubh (to be lustful, greedy, covetous).
Root: lubh (class 4)
तज् (taj) - from it (from that)
(pronoun)
Ablative, neuter, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it (distal demonstrative)
Note: Ablative form of tad, referring to lobham (greed).
जा (jā) - arise (born)
(indeclinable)
Past Passive Participle.
Past passive participle form of root jan.
Root: jan (class 4)
Note: Here used as part of a compound meaning 'born from'.
एतौ (etau) - both (these two)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, dual of etad
etad - this, that (proximal demonstrative)
उभौ (ubhau) - both
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, dual of ubha
ubha - both, double
गणौ (gaṇau) - groups (two groups)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, dual of gaṇa
gaṇa - group, host, class, multitude, troop, army, set, ganas (attendants of Shiva)
From root gam (to go) with suffix -aṇa, or from root gan (to count, assemble).
Root: gam (class 1)