मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-7, verse-65
अमात्ये दण्ड आयत्तो दण्डे वैनयिकी क्रिया ।
नृपतौ कोशराष्ट्रे च दूते संधिविपर्ययौ ॥६५॥
नृपतौ कोशराष्ट्रे च दूते संधिविपर्ययौ ॥६५॥
65. amātye daṇḍa āyatto daṇḍe vainayikī kriyā ,
nṛpatau kośarāṣṭre ca dūte saṁdhiviparyayau.
nṛpatau kośarāṣṭre ca dūte saṁdhiviparyayau.
65.
amātye daṇḍaḥ āyattaḥ daṇḍe vainayikī kriyā
| nṛptau kośa rāṣṭre ca dūte saṃdhiviparyayau
| nṛptau kośa rāṣṭre ca dūte saṃdhiviparyayau
65.
amātye daṇḍaḥ āyattaḥ daṇḍe vainayikī kriyā
nṛptau kośa rāṣṭre ca dūte saṃdhiviparyayau
nṛptau kośa rāṣṭre ca dūte saṃdhiviparyayau
65.
The minister holds authority over punishment (danda), and in punishment lies the application of discipline. The king controls wealth (kosa) and territory (rashtra), and the envoy handles peace and disruption (sandhiviparyaya).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- अमात्ये (amātye) - The minister holds authority over... (in the minister, to the minister)
- दण्डः (daṇḍaḥ) - punishment (stick, staff, rod, punishment, penal law, authority, power)
- आयत्तः (āyattaḥ) - holds authority over (dependent, controlled, resting upon, subject to)
- दण्डे (daṇḍe) - in punishment (in punishment, in the staff)
- वैनयिकी (vainayikī) - disciplinary (related to discipline, disciplinary)
- क्रिया (kriyā) - application (action, deed, work, ritual, procedure, practice)
- नृप्तौ (nṛptau) - The king controls... (in the king)
- कोश (kośa) - wealth (treasury, wealth, money, fund, cell)
- राष्ट्रे (rāṣṭre) - territory (in the kingdom, in the territory)
- च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)
- दूते (dūte) - the envoy handles (in the envoy, to the envoy)
- संधिविपर्ययौ (saṁdhiviparyayau) - peace and disruption (peace and its opposite, alliance and its breaking, treaty and treaty-breaking)
Words meanings and morphology
अमात्ये (amātye) - The minister holds authority over... (in the minister, to the minister)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of amātya
amātya - minister, counselor, advisor, official
Note: Locative case used to indicate 'in relation to' or 'with respect to'.
दण्डः (daṇḍaḥ) - punishment (stick, staff, rod, punishment, penal law, authority, power)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of daṇḍa
daṇḍa - stick, staff, rod, mace, punishment, penalty, chastisement, authority, power, army
आयत्तः (āyattaḥ) - holds authority over (dependent, controlled, resting upon, subject to)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of āyatta
āyatta - dependent, controlled, subject to, resting upon, obtained
Past Passive Participle
from √yam 'to hold, to support' + ā prefix
Prefix: ā
Root: yam (class 1)
Note: Modifies 'daṇḍaḥ', implying 'authority rests with/on the minister'.
दण्डे (daṇḍe) - in punishment (in punishment, in the staff)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of daṇḍa
daṇḍa - stick, staff, rod, mace, punishment, penalty, chastisement, authority, power, army
वैनयिकी (vainayikī) - disciplinary (related to discipline, disciplinary)
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, singular of vainayika
vainayika - related to discipline, disciplinary, instructional
derived from vinaya (discipline, training, modesty)
Note: Modifies 'kriyā'.
क्रिया (kriyā) - application (action, deed, work, ritual, procedure, practice)
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of kriyā
kriyā - action, deed, work, operation, ritual, practice, exercise
from √kṛ 'to do, to make'
Root: kṛ (class 8)
नृप्तौ (nṛptau) - The king controls... (in the king)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of nṛpa
nṛpa - king, ruler
compound of nṛ (man) + pa (protector)
Compound type : tatpurusha (nṛ+pa)
- nṛ – man, person
noun (masculine) - pa – protector, ruler
suffix/verb (masculine)
verb root
from √pā 'to protect, to rule'
Root: pā (class 1)
Note: Locative case used to indicate 'in relation to' or 'with respect to'.
कोश (kośa) - wealth (treasury, wealth, money, fund, cell)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of kośa
kośa - treasury, wealth, money, fund, sheath, purse, cell
Note: Part of a dvandva compound with 'rāṣṭre'.
राष्ट्रे (rāṣṭre) - territory (in the kingdom, in the territory)
(noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of rāṣṭra
rāṣṭra - kingdom, realm, territory, dominion, state
from √rāj 'to rule'
Root: rāj (class 1)
Note: Part of a dvandva compound with 'kośa'. Case is locative, but in the compound it's treated as nominative.
च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)
(indeclinable)
दूते (dūte) - the envoy handles (in the envoy, to the envoy)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of dūta
dūta - messenger, envoy, ambassador, emissary
Note: Locative case used to indicate 'in relation to' or 'with respect to'.
संधिविपर्ययौ (saṁdhiviparyayau) - peace and disruption (peace and its opposite, alliance and its breaking, treaty and treaty-breaking)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, dual of saṃdhiviparyaya
saṁdhiviparyaya - alliance and its opposite, treaty and its breaking, peace and war
dvandva compound of sandhi (alliance, treaty) and viparyaya (opposite, reversal, subversion, disunity)
Compound type : dvandva (saṃdhi+viparyaya)
- saṃdhi – joining, union, alliance, treaty, peace, junction
noun (masculine)
from sam+√dhā 'to place together'
Prefix: sam
Root: dhā (class 3) - viparyaya – reversal, opposite, contrary, subversion, disunity, mistake
noun (masculine)
from vi+pari+√i 'to go'
Prefixes: vi+pari
Root: i (class 2)