मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-7, verse-128
यथा फलेन युज्येत राजा कर्ता च कर्मणाम ।
तथाऽवेक्ष्य नृपो राष्ट्रे कल्पयेत सततं करान ॥१२८॥
तथाऽवेक्ष्य नृपो राष्ट्रे कल्पयेत सततं करान ॥१२८॥
128. yathā phalena yujyeta rājā kartā ca karmaṇām ,
tathā'vekṣya nṛpo rāṣṭre kalpayet satataṁ karān.
tathā'vekṣya nṛpo rāṣṭre kalpayet satataṁ karān.
128.
yathā phalena yujyeta rājā kartā ca karmaṇām
tathā avekṣya nṛpaḥ rāṣṭre kalpayeta satataṃ karān
tathā avekṣya nṛpaḥ rāṣṭre kalpayeta satataṃ karān
128.
yathā rājā karmaṇām kartā phalena yujyeta ca
tathā nṛpaḥ avekṣya satataṃ rāṣṭre karān kalpayeta
tathā nṛpaḥ avekṣya satataṃ rāṣṭre karān kalpayeta
128.
Just as a king, who is the doer of actions, becomes associated with the fruit (of those actions), similarly, a ruler, having considered it, should always establish taxes in the kingdom.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- यथा (yathā) - as, like, according to, how
- फलेन (phalena) - by the fruit (of actions) (by the fruit, by the result, by the reward)
- युज्येत (yujyeta) - becomes associated (should be joined, should be connected, should be united)
- राजा (rājā) - king (king, ruler, sovereign)
- कर्ता (kartā) - doer (doer, maker, agent, author)
- च (ca) - and (and, also, too)
- कर्मणाम् (karmaṇām) - of actions (of actions, of deeds, of works)
- तथा (tathā) - similarly (so, thus, in that way, similarly)
- अवेक्ष्य (avekṣya) - having considered (having seen, having considered, having looked at)
- नृपः (nṛpaḥ) - ruler (king, ruler, sovereign)
- राष्ट्रे (rāṣṭre) - in the kingdom (in the kingdom, in the country, in the realm)
- कल्पयेत (kalpayeta) - should establish (should establish, should arrange, should appoint, should provide)
- सततं (satataṁ) - always (continuously, always, constantly, perpetually)
- करान् (karān) - taxes (taxes, tributes, imposts)
Words meanings and morphology
यथा (yathā) - as, like, according to, how
(indeclinable)
फलेन (phalena) - by the fruit (of actions) (by the fruit, by the result, by the reward)
(noun)
Instrumental, neuter, singular of phala
phala - fruit, result, consequence, reward, gain, profit
युज्येत (yujyeta) - becomes associated (should be joined, should be connected, should be united)
(verb)
3rd person , passive, potential (vidhiliṅ) of yuj
Potential Passive
Root 'yuj' (√युज्) class 4 P with passive suffix 'ya', potential mood ending for 3rd person singular.
Root: yuj (class 4)
राजा (rājā) - king (king, ruler, sovereign)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan
rājan - king, ruler, sovereign, the sun
कर्ता (kartā) - doer (doer, maker, agent, author)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of kartṛ
kartṛ - doer, maker, agent, author, creator
Active Participle
Root 'kṛ' (√कृ) to do, make, with suffix 'tṛc'.
Root: kṛ (class 8)
च (ca) - and (and, also, too)
(indeclinable)
कर्मणाम् (karmaṇām) - of actions (of actions, of deeds, of works)
(noun)
Genitive, neuter, plural of karma
karma - action, deed, work, ritual, fate, destiny
From root 'kṛ' (√कृ) to do, make.
Root: kṛ (class 8)
तथा (tathā) - similarly (so, thus, in that way, similarly)
(indeclinable)
अवेक्ष्य (avekṣya) - having considered (having seen, having considered, having looked at)
(verb)
active, past (ktvā) of avekṣ
Absolutive
Root 'īkṣ' (√ईक्ष्) to see, with prefix 'ava-' (√अव्). Absolutive suffix 'lyap'.
Prefix: ava
Root: īkṣ (class 1)
Note: Absolutive form indicating an action completed before the main verb.
नृपः (nṛpaḥ) - ruler (king, ruler, sovereign)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of nṛpa
nṛpa - king, ruler, sovereign (literally: protector of men)
Compound of 'nṛ' (man) and 'pa' (protector, from √pā to protect).
Compound type : tatpurusha (nṛ+pa)
- nṛ – man, person, male
noun (masculine) - pa – protector, keeper, guardian
noun (masculine)
Derived from √pā (to protect).
Root: pā (class 1)
राष्ट्रे (rāṣṭre) - in the kingdom (in the kingdom, in the country, in the realm)
(noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of rāṣṭra
rāṣṭra - kingdom, realm, dominion, country, sovereignty
From 'rāj' (king).
कल्पयेत (kalpayeta) - should establish (should establish, should arrange, should appoint, should provide)
(verb)
3rd person , active, potential (vidhiliṅ) of kalp
Potential Active
Root 'kalp' (√कल्प्) class 10 A/P with potential mood ending for 3rd person singular.
Root: kalp (class 10)
सततं (satataṁ) - always (continuously, always, constantly, perpetually)
(indeclinable)
Past Passive Participle
From √s(t)a (√स्) to be, with prefix 'sam-' (√सम्) and suffix 'kta'.
Prefix: sam
Root: s (class 1)
Note: Used adverbially.
करान् (karān) - taxes (taxes, tributes, imposts)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of kara
kara - hand, ray, tax, tribute, impost, trunk (of an elephant), making, doing
From root 'kṛ' (√कृ) to do, make.
Root: kṛ (class 8)