मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-7, verse-165
एकाकिनश्चात्ययिके कार्ये प्राप्ते यदृच्छया ।
संहतस्य च मित्रेण द्विविधं यानमुच्यते ॥१६५॥
संहतस्य च मित्रेण द्विविधं यानमुच्यते ॥१६५॥
165. ekākinaścātyayike kārye prāpte yadṛcchayā ,
saṁhatasya ca mitreṇa dvividhaṁ yānamucyate.
saṁhatasya ca mitreṇa dvividhaṁ yānamucyate.
165.
ekākiṇaś cātyayike kārye prāpte yadr̥cchayā |
saṃhatasya ca mitreṇa dvividhaṃ yānam ucyate
saṃhatasya ca mitreṇa dvividhaṃ yānam ucyate
165.
When an urgent task arises unexpectedly, advancement (yāna) is declared to be of two types: when one proceeds alone, and when one proceeds together with a friend.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- एकाकिनः (ekākinaḥ) - when one proceeds alone (alone, solitary)
- च (ca) - and (and, also)
- अत्ययिके (atyayike) - urgent (urgent, critical, dangerous, final)
- कार्ये (kārye) - task (work, task, affair, business)
- प्राप्ते (prāpte) - when... arises (obtained, reached, occurred)
- यद्र्̥च्छया (yadr̥cchayā) - unexpectedly (by chance, accidentally, arbitrarily)
- संहतस्य (saṁhatasya) - when one proceeds together (joined together, united, combined, compact)
- च (ca) - and (and, also)
- मित्रेण (mitreṇa) - with a friend (by a friend)
- द्विविधं (dvividhaṁ) - of two types (twofold, of two kinds)
- यानम् (yānam) - advancement (going, movement, journey, advancement, vehicle)
- उच्यते (ucyate) - is declared (is said, is called)
Words meanings and morphology
एकाकिनः (ekākinaḥ) - when one proceeds alone (alone, solitary)
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of ekakin
ekakin - alone, solitary, single
formed from eka (one) + akin (possessing, having, suffix)
Note: The instrumental case here indicates the manner or condition.
च (ca) - and (and, also)
(indeclinable)
अत्ययिके (atyayike) - urgent (urgent, critical, dangerous, final)
(adjective)
Locative, neuter, singular of atyayika
atyayika - urgent, critical, impending, dangerous, final
derived from atyaya (calamity, end, conclusion, onset)
Note: The locative case here modifies 'kārye' (task), indicating 'in an urgent task'.
कार्ये (kārye) - task (work, task, affair, business)
(noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of kārya
kārya - work, deed, action, affair, duty
Past Passive Participle
from root kṛ (to do, make)
Root: kṛ (class 3)
Note: The locative case indicates the context or situation: 'when a task arises'.
प्राप्ते (prāpte) - when... arises (obtained, reached, occurred)
(adjective)
Locative, neuter, singular of prāpta
prāpta - obtained, reached, attained, acquired
Past Passive Participle
from root √prāp (to reach, obtain)
Root: prāp (class 1)
Note: The locative absolute construction with 'kārye' and 'atyayike' implies 'when an urgent task arises'.
यद्र्̥च्छया (yadr̥cchayā) - unexpectedly (by chance, accidentally, arbitrarily)
(noun)
Instrumental, feminine, singular of yadr̥cchā
yadr̥cchā - chance, accident, spontaneity, whim
formed from yad (what) + r̥cchā (chance, falling upon)
Note: The instrumental case indicates the manner: 'by chance' or 'unexpectedly'.
संहतस्य (saṁhatasya) - when one proceeds together (joined together, united, combined, compact)
(adjective)
Genitive, masculine, singular of saṃhata
saṁhata - joined, united, combined, compacted, assembled
Past Passive Participle
from sam (together) + √han (to strike, kill) - meaning 'struck together' or 'joined'
Prefix: sam
Root: han (class 2)
Note: The genitive case indicates relation: 'of the one who is united'.
च (ca) - and (and, also)
(indeclinable)
मित्रेण (mitreṇa) - with a friend (by a friend)
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of mitra
mitra - friend, ally, companion
Note: The instrumental case indicates accompaniment or conjunction: 'with a friend'.
द्विविधं (dvividhaṁ) - of two types (twofold, of two kinds)
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of dvividha
dvividha - twofold, of two kinds, double
formed from dvi (two) + vidha (kind, manner)
Compound type : karmadhāraya (dvi+vidha)
- dvi – two
numeral - vidha – kind, manner, way, sort
noun (masculine)
Note: Modifies 'yānam' (advancement).
यानम् (yānam) - advancement (going, movement, journey, advancement, vehicle)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of yāna
yāna - going, movement, journey, passage, vehicle, chariot
Gerundive
from root √yā (to go)
Root: yā (class 2)
उच्यते (ucyate) - is declared (is said, is called)
(verb)
3rd person , passive, present (laṭ) of ucyate
Present Passive
Passive form of √vac (to say, speak)
Prefix: u
Root: vac (class 2)