मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-7, verse-55
अपि यत सुकरं कर्म तदप्येकेन दुष्करम ।
विशेषतोऽसहायेन किं तु राज्यं महोदयम ॥५५॥
विशेषतोऽसहायेन किं तु राज्यं महोदयम ॥५५॥
55. api yat sukaraṁ karma tadapyekena duṣkaram ,
viśeṣato'sahāyena kiṁ tu rājyaṁ mahodayam.
viśeṣato'sahāyena kiṁ tu rājyaṁ mahodayam.
55.
api yata sukaraṁ karma tadapyekena duṣkaram
viśeṣato'sahāyena kiṁ tu rājyaṁ mahodayam
viśeṣato'sahāyena kiṁ tu rājyaṁ mahodayam
55.
api yat karma sukaraṁ tat ekena duṣkaram
viśeṣataḥ asahāyena kiṁ tu mahodayam rājyaṁ
viśeṣataḥ asahāyena kiṁ tu mahodayam rājyaṁ
55.
Even a task that is easy is difficult for one person alone. How much more so is a great and prosperous kingdom, especially without assistance?
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- अपि (api) - even (even, also, indeed)
- यत (yata) - that (which, that, from which)
- सुकरं (sukaraṁ) - easy (easy to do, easy)
- कर्म (karma) - task (action, deed, work, fate)
- तदप्येकेन (tadapyekena) - that even for one person alone (that also by one)
- दुष्करम् (duṣkaram) - difficult (difficult to do, difficult)
- विशेषतः (viśeṣataḥ) - especially (especially, particularly, in detail)
- असहआयेन (asahaāyena) - without assistance (by one without a helper, without support)
- किं (kiṁ) - how (what, how)
- तु (tu) - but (but, however, indeed)
- राज्यं (rājyaṁ) - kingdom (kingdom, realm, sovereignty, reign)
- महोदयम् (mahodayam) - great and prosperous (great prosperity, great rise, great development)
Words meanings and morphology
अपि (api) - even (even, also, indeed)
(indeclinable)
यत (yata) - that (which, that, from which)
(pronoun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of yad
yad - which, that, who, what
सुकरं (sukaraṁ) - easy (easy to do, easy)
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of sukara
sukara - easy to do, easy, simple
Compound of su (easy, good) and kara (doing, making).
Compound type : tatpurusha (su+kara)
- su – good, well, easy, beautiful
indeclinable - kara – doing, making, causing
noun (masculine)
Derived from the root kṛ 'to do'.
Root: kṛ (class 8)
कर्म (karma) - task (action, deed, work, fate)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of karma
karma - action, deed, work, ritual, fate, result of action
From the root kṛ 'to do'.
Root: kṛ (class 8)
तदप्येकेन (tadapyekena) - that even for one person alone (that also by one)
(pronoun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of tat
tat - that, it
Compound of tat (that) and api (even) and ekena (by one).
Compound type : dvandva (tat+api+ekena)
- tat – that, it
pronoun (neuter) - api – even, also, indeed
indeclinable - ekena – by one
noun (masculine)
Instrumental singular of eka (one).
Note: This word is a result of sandhi: tat + api + ekena.
दुष्करम् (duṣkaram) - difficult (difficult to do, difficult)
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of duṣkara
duṣkara - difficult to do, difficult, hard
Compound of dus (difficult, bad) and kara (doing, making).
Compound type : tatpurusha (dus+kara)
- dus – difficult, bad, ill, hard
indeclinable - kara – doing, making, causing
noun (masculine)
Derived from the root kṛ 'to do'.
Root: kṛ (class 8)
विशेषतः (viśeṣataḥ) - especially (especially, particularly, in detail)
(indeclinable)
Derived from the root viś 'to enter, pervade' with prefix vi. The form is adverbial from the ablative case.
Prefix: vi
Root: viś (class 2)
Note: Functions as an adverb.
असहआयेन (asahaāyena) - without assistance (by one without a helper, without support)
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of asahāya
asahāya - without a helper, alone, unsupported
Compound of a (not) and sahāya (helper, assistance).
Compound type : nañ (a+sahāya)
- a – not, un-
indeclinable - sahāya – helper, assistant, support, aid
noun (masculine)
किं (kiṁ) - how (what, how)
(pronoun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of kim
kim - what, who, which, how
तु (tu) - but (but, however, indeed)
(indeclinable)
राज्यं (rājyaṁ) - kingdom (kingdom, realm, sovereignty, reign)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of rājya
rājya - kingdom, sovereignty, rule, realm, reign
Derived from the root rāj 'to rule'.
Root: rāj (class 1)
महोदयम् (mahodayam) - great and prosperous (great prosperity, great rise, great development)
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of mahōdaya
mahōdaya - great prosperity, great development, great rise, great advantage
Compound of mahā (great) and udaya (rise, prosperity, development).
Compound type : tatpurusha (mahā+udaya)
- mahā – great, large, mighty, abundant
adjective (masculine) - udaya – rise, ascent, dawn, prosperity, origin
noun (masculine)
Derived from the root i 'to go' with prefix ud.
Prefix: ud
Root: i (class 2)
Note: Here it modifies 'rājyaṁ', functioning adjectivally though it is a noun.