मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-7, verse-73
यथा दुर्गाश्रितानेतान्नोपहिंसन्ति शत्रवः ।
तथाऽरयो न हिंसन्ति नृपं दुर्गसमाश्रितम ॥७३॥
तथाऽरयो न हिंसन्ति नृपं दुर्गसमाश्रितम ॥७३॥
73. yathā durgāśritānetānnopahiṁsanti śatravaḥ ,
tathā'rayo na hiṁsanti nṛpaṁ durgasamāśritam.
tathā'rayo na hiṁsanti nṛpaṁ durgasamāśritam.
73.
yathā durgāśritāḥ etān na upahinsanti śatravaḥ
tathā arayaḥ na hinsanti nṛpam durgasamāśritam
tathā arayaḥ na hinsanti nṛpam durgasamāśritam
73.
yathā etān durgāśritāḥ śatravaḥ na upahinsanti
tathā durgasamāśritam nṛpam arayaḥ na hinsanti
tathā durgasamāśritam nṛpam arayaḥ na hinsanti
73.
Just as enemies do not harm those who take refuge in a fortress (durga), similarly, enemies do not harm a king who is protected by a fortress (durga).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- यथा (yathā) - as, like, as if
- दुर्गाश्रिताः (durgāśritāḥ) - those who have taken refuge in a fortress
- एतान् (etān) - these
- न (na) - not
- उपहिन्सन्ति (upahinsanti) - harm, injure, kill
- शत्रवः (śatravaḥ) - enemies
- तथा (tathā) - similarly, so, thus
- अरयः (arayaḥ) - enemies
- न (na) - not
- हिन्सन्ति (hinsanti) - harm, injure, kill
- नृपम् (nṛpam) - king
- दुर्गसमाश्रितम् (durgasamāśritam) - protected by a fortress
Words meanings and morphology
यथा (yathā) - as, like, as if
(indeclinable)
दुर्गाश्रिताः (durgāśritāḥ) - those who have taken refuge in a fortress
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of durga-āśrita
durga-āśrita - one who has taken refuge in a fortress, one who is protected by a fortress.
Past Passive Participle
Compound of 'durga' (fortress, difficult to traverse) and 'āśrita' (taken refuge in, supported). Derived from '√śri' with prefix 'ā'.
Compound type : tatpurusha (durga+āśrita)
- durga – fortress, castle, difficult to pass
noun (neuter)
From 'dus-' (difficult) + '√gam' (to go).
Root: √gam (class 2) - āśrita – dependent, resorted to, sheltered, supported
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
Derived from the root '√śri' (to lean on, to resort to) with the prefix 'ā' and the suffix 'kta'.
Root: √śri (class 1)
एतान् (etān) - these
(pronoun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of etad
etad - this, it
Note: Refers to the beings mentioned previously.
न (na) - not
(indeclinable)
उपहिन्सन्ति (upahinsanti) - harm, injure, kill
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of upa-√han
The root √han is a primary verb.
Root '√han' (to kill, strike) with prefix 'upa'.
Prefix: upa
Root: √han (class 2)
शत्रवः (śatravaḥ) - enemies
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of śatru
śatru - enemy, foe, adversary
तथा (tathā) - similarly, so, thus
(indeclinable)
अरयः (arayaḥ) - enemies
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of arí
arí - enemy, foe, adversary
न (na) - not
(indeclinable)
हिन्सन्ति (hinsanti) - harm, injure, kill
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of √han
The root √han is a primary verb.
Root '√han' (to kill, strike).
Root: √han (class 2)
नृपम् (nṛpam) - king
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of nṛpa
nṛpa - king, ruler (lit. 'man-protector')
From 'nara' (man) + '√pā' (to protect).
Compound type : tatpurusha (nara+√pā)
- nara – man, human being
noun (masculine) - √pā – to protect, to drink
verb
Root '√pā' (to protect).
Root: √pā (class 1)
दुर्गसमाश्रितम् (durgasamāśritam) - protected by a fortress
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of durga-samāśrita
durga-samāśrita - one who is protected or supported by a fortress.
Past Passive Participle
Compound of 'durga' (fortress) and 'samāśrita' (fully supported, protected). 'Samāśrita' is derived from '√śri' with prefix 'samā'.
Compound type : tatpurusha (durga+samāśrita)
- durga – fortress, castle, difficult to pass
noun (neuter)
From 'dus-' (difficult) + '√gam' (to go).
Root: √gam (class 2) - samāśrita – fully supported, protected, resorted to.
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
Derived from the root '√śri' (to lean on, to resort to) with the prefix 'samā' and the suffix 'kta'.
Root: √śri (class 1)
Note: This word modifies the state of the king, i.e., 'the king who is protected by a fortress'.