मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-7, verse-111
मोहाद राजा स्वराष्ट्रं यः कर्षयत्यनवेक्षया ।
सोऽचिराद भ्रश्यते राज्यात्जीवितात्च सबान्धवः ॥१११॥
सोऽचिराद भ्रश्यते राज्यात्जीवितात्च सबान्धवः ॥१११॥
111. mohād rājā svarāṣṭraṁ yaḥ karṣayatyanavekṣayā ,
so'cirād bhraśyate rājyātjīvitātca sabāndhavaḥ.
so'cirād bhraśyate rājyātjīvitātca sabāndhavaḥ.
111.
mohāt rājā svarāṣṭram yaḥ karṣayati anavekṣayā
saḥ acirāt bhraśyate rājyāt jīvitāt ca sabāndhavaḥ
saḥ acirāt bhraśyate rājyāt jīvitāt ca sabāndhavaḥ
111.
yaḥ rājā mohāt anavekṣayā svarāṣṭram karṣayati
saḥ acirāt sabāndhavaḥ rājyāt jīvitāt ca bhraśyate
saḥ acirāt sabāndhavaḥ rājyāt jīvitāt ca bhraśyate
111.
The king who, out of ignorance or carelessness, impoverishes his own kingdom, quickly loses his kingdom and his life, along with his relatives.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- मोहात् (mohāt) - out of ignorance, out of delusion (from delusion, from infatuation, from ignorance)
- राजा (rājā) - king
- स्वराष्ट्रम् (svarāṣṭram) - his own kingdom (one's own kingdom)
- यः (yaḥ) - who (referring to the king) (who, which)
- कर्षयति (karṣayati) - impoverishes, exhausts (he plows, he cultivates, he draws, he causes to suffer)
- अनवेक्षया (anavekṣayā) - carelessly, negligently (without looking, without attention, carelessly)
- सः (saḥ) - he (referring to the king) (he, that)
- अचिरात् (acirāt) - soon, quickly (not after a long time, soon)
- भ्रश्यते (bhraśyate) - falls from, loses (he falls, he slips, he deviates, he loses)
- राज्यात् (rājyāt) - from his kingdom, from his kingship (from the kingdom, from kingship)
- जीवितात् (jīvitāt) - from life
- च (ca) - and (and, also)
- सबान्धवः (sabāndhavaḥ) - along with his relatives (with relatives)
Words meanings and morphology
मोहात् (mohāt) - out of ignorance, out of delusion (from delusion, from infatuation, from ignorance)
(noun)
Ablative, masculine, singular of moha
moha - delusion, confusion, infatuation, ignorance, stupor
राजा (rājā) - king
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan
rājan - king, ruler
स्वराष्ट्रम् (svarāṣṭram) - his own kingdom (one's own kingdom)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of svarāṣṭra
svarāṣṭra - one's own kingdom
Compound of sva- (one's own) and rāṣṭra (kingdom).
Compound type : tatpurusha (sva+rāṣṭra)
- sva – self, own, one's own
pronoun (neuter) - rāṣṭra – kingdom, realm, dominion, rule, sovereignty
noun (neuter)
यः (yaḥ) - who (referring to the king) (who, which)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of yad
yad - what, which, who, that, if, whether
कर्षयति (karṣayati) - impoverishes, exhausts (he plows, he cultivates, he draws, he causes to suffer)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of kṛṣ
Present Tense
Root kṛṣ. Present tense, 3rd person singular. Can also mean to cause to suffer or to impoverish.
Root: √kṛṣ (class 1)
Note: In this context, 'impoverishes' or 'exhausts' is the intended meaning.
अनवेक्षया (anavekṣayā) - carelessly, negligently (without looking, without attention, carelessly)
(noun)
Instrumental, feminine, singular of anavekṣā
anavekṣā - lack of attention, carelessness, negligence, indifference
Derived from √īkṣ (to see) with prefixes a- (not) and anu- (after, along).
Prefixes: a+anu
Root: √īkṣ (class 1)
सः (saḥ) - he (referring to the king) (he, that)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, it, he, she
अचिरात् (acirāt) - soon, quickly (not after a long time, soon)
(adjective)
Ablative, masculine, singular of acira
acira - not long, short
Prefix a- (not) + cira (long).
Note: Used adverbially, meaning 'soon'.
भ्रश्यते (bhraśyate) - falls from, loses (he falls, he slips, he deviates, he loses)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of bhraś
Present Tense, Passive Voice
Root bhraś. Present tense, 3rd person singular, passive voice.
Root: √bhraś (class 1)
राज्यात् (rājyāt) - from his kingdom, from his kingship (from the kingdom, from kingship)
(noun)
Ablative, neuter, singular of rājya
rājya - kingdom, realm, kingship, sovereignty
जीवितात् (jīvitāt) - from life
(noun)
Ablative, neuter, singular of jīvita
jīvita - life, living, lifetime, existence
Derived from √jīv (to live).
Root: √jīv (class 1)
च (ca) - and (and, also)
(indeclinable)
सबान्धवः (sabāndhavaḥ) - along with his relatives (with relatives)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of sabāndhava
sabāndhava - with relatives, having relatives
Compound of sa- (with) and āndhava (relative).
Compound type : avyayibhava (sa+āndhava)
- sa – with, together with
indeclinable - āndhava – relative, kinsman
noun (masculine)
Note: Used predicatively here, meaning 'along with his relatives'.