महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-17, verse-38

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महातपा घोरतपा अदीनो दीनसाधकः ।
संवत्सरकरो मन्त्रः प्रमाणं परमं तपः ॥३८॥

38. mahātapā ghoratapā adīno dīnasādhakaḥ ,
saṁvatsarakaro mantraḥ pramāṇaṁ paramaṁ tapaḥ.

38. mahātapāḥ ghoratapāḥ adīnaḥ dīnasādhakaḥ
saṃvatsarakaraḥ mantraḥ pramāṇam paramam tapaḥ

38. He is the one possessing great spiritual austerity (tapas), and fierce spiritual austerity (tapas). He is not humble, and is the benefactor of the distressed. He is the maker of years, the sacred utterance (mantra), the supreme measure, and the highest spiritual discipline (tapas).

Words meanings summery:

(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)

महातपाः (mahātapāḥ) - The deity characterized by intense and profound spiritual discipline (tapas). (One with great spiritual austerity or penance)

घोरतपाः (ghoratapāḥ) - The deity known for extremely rigorous and intense spiritual discipline (tapas). (One with fierce or terrible spiritual austerity)

अदीनः (adīnaḥ) - The deity who is never lowly, distressed, or humble, implying majesty and power. (not miserable, not humble, noble, rich)

दीनसाधकः (dīnasādhakaḥ) - The deity who assists and uplifts those who are wretched or in distress. (Helper of the miserable, accomplisher for the distressed)

संवत्सरकरः (saṁvatsarakaraḥ) - The deity who establishes and governs the cycle of time, specifically the years. (Creator of years, one who makes the year)

मन्त्रः (mantraḥ) - The deity as the embodiment of the sacred, potent sound or thought (mantra). (Sacred utterance, hymn, incantation, counsel, plan (mantra))

प्रमाणम् (pramāṇam) - The ultimate and undisputed authority or standard of truth. (Proof, authority, measure, standard, limit)

परमम् (paramam) - The absolute and highest form of the subsequent noun. (Supreme, highest, ultimate, best)

तपः (tapaḥ) - The ultimate spiritual discipline (tapas), implying divine self-discipline. (Asceticism, penance, spiritual austerity, heat)

Words meanings and morphology

महातपाः (mahātapāḥ) - The deity characterized by intense and profound spiritual discipline (tapas). (One with great spiritual austerity or penance)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahātapas

mahātapas - one of great asceticism, great penitent

Bahuvrīhi compound (mahā + tapas).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+tapas)

mahā – great, large
adjective (feminine)
From mahat.
Root: mah (class 1)
tapas – asceticism, penance, spiritual austerity, heat
noun (neuter)
From root tap (to heat, to burn) + as suffix.
Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Nominative singular masculine of mahātapas.

घोरतपाः (ghoratapāḥ) - The deity known for extremely rigorous and intense spiritual discipline (tapas). (One with fierce or terrible spiritual austerity)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ghorātapas

ghorātapas - one of fierce asceticism, terrible penitent

Bahuvrīhi compound (ghora + tapas).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (ghora+tapas)

ghora – terrible, dreadful, fierce, intense
adjective
From root ghuṣ (to sound) or ghūr (to tremble).
Root: ghuṣ (class 1)
tapas – asceticism, penance, spiritual austerity
noun (neuter)
From root tap (to heat, to burn) + as suffix.
Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Nominative singular masculine of ghorātapas.

अदीनः (adīnaḥ) - The deity who is never lowly, distressed, or humble, implying majesty and power. (not miserable, not humble, noble, rich)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adīna

adīna - not wretched, not miserable, not humble, noble, proud, rich

Negative compound (a + dīna).

Compound type : avyayībhāva (a+dīna)

a – not, non-, un-
indeclinable
Negative prefix.
dīna – miserable, wretched, humble, distressed, poor
adjective
Past Passive Participle
From root dī (to perish, decay, be sad) + kta suffix.
Root: dī (class 4)

दीनसाधकः (dīnasādhakaḥ) - The deity who assists and uplifts those who are wretched or in distress. (Helper of the miserable, accomplisher for the distressed)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dīnasādhaka

dīnasādhaka - helper of the miserable, one who achieves welfare for the poor

Tatpuruṣa compound (dīna + sādhaka).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dīna+sādhaka)

dīna – miserable, wretched, distressed
adjective
Past Passive Participle
From root dī (to perish, decay, be sad) + kta suffix.
Root: dī (class 4)
sādhaka – accomplisher, successful, performer
noun (masculine)
agent noun
From root sādh (to accomplish, effect) + aka suffix.
Root: sādh (class 5)

संवत्सरकरः (saṁvatsarakaraḥ) - The deity who establishes and governs the cycle of time, specifically the years. (Creator of years, one who makes the year)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃvatsarakara

saṁvatsarakara - maker of the year, creator of years

Tatpuruṣa compound (saṃvatsara + kara).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (saṃvatsara+kara)

saṃvatsara – year
noun (masculine)
From sam (prefix) + root vas (to dwell, live) + ara suffix.
Prefix: sam
Root: vas (class 1)
kara – doer, maker, creating
noun (masculine)
agent noun
From root kṛ (to do, make) + a suffix.
Root: kṛ (class 8)

मन्त्रः (mantraḥ) - The deity as the embodiment of the sacred, potent sound or thought (mantra). (Sacred utterance, hymn, incantation, counsel, plan (mantra))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mantra

mantra - sacred utterance, hymn, incantation, Vedic text, counsel, plan

From root man (to think) + tra suffix.

Root: man (class 4)

प्रमाणम् (pramāṇam) - The ultimate and undisputed authority or standard of truth. (Proof, authority, measure, standard, limit)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pramāṇa

pramāṇa - proof, evidence, authority, measure, standard, right perception

From pra (prefix) + root mā (to measure) + ana suffix.

Prefix: pra

Root: mā (class 2)