महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-17, verse-32

प्रवृत्तिश्च निवृत्तिश्च नियतः शाश्वतो ध्रुवः ।
श्मशानचारी भगवान्खचरो गोचरोऽर्दनः ॥३२॥

32. pravṛttiśca nivṛttiśca niyataḥ śāśvato dhruvaḥ ,
śmaśānacārī bhagavānkhacaro gocaro'rdanaḥ.

32. pravṛttiḥ ca nivṛttiḥ ca niyataḥ śāśvataḥ dhruvaḥ
śmaśānacārī bhagavān khacaraḥ gocaraḥ ardanaḥ

32. pravṛttiḥ ca nivṛttiḥ ca niyataḥ śāśvataḥ dhruvaḥ
śmaśānacārī bhagavān khacaraḥ gocaraḥ ardanaḥ

32. He embodies both universal activity (pravṛtti) and ultimate cessation (nivṛtti). He is regulated, eternal, and unchangeable. He is the venerable (bhagavān) lord who roams the cremation grounds, moving through the sky and on earth, and he is the destroyer.

Words meanings summery:

• प्रवृत्तिः (pravṛttiḥ) - the principle of universal activity or cosmic manifestation (activity, engagement, evolution, manifestation, tendency)

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• निवृत्तिः (nivṛttiḥ) - the principle of cosmic cessation or withdrawal (cessation, disengagement, involution, non-activity, withdrawal)

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• नियतः (niyataḥ) - regulated, controlled, disciplined, restrained, fixed, certain

• शाश्वतः (śāśvataḥ) - eternal, perpetual, everlasting, constant

• ध्रुवः (dhruvaḥ) - firm, fixed, constant, unchangeable, permanent, pole star

• श्मशानचारी (śmaśānacārī) - a specific epithet for Shiva (one who moves in cremation grounds, one who frequents burial grounds)

• भगवान् (bhagavān) - the venerable (bhagavān) lord (glorious, divine, venerable, fortunate, blessed, Lord)

• खचरः (khacaraḥ) - one who moves through the sky (moving in the sky, celestial, bird, god, planet, Gandharva)

• गोचरः (gocaraḥ) - one who moves on earth, or is within the range of perception (moving on earth, range of senses, sphere of activity, knowable)

• अर्दनः (ardanaḥ) - the afflicter or destroyer (of evil/suffering) (tormenting, afflicting, causing pain, destroying, destroyer)

Words meanings and morphology

प्रवृत्तिः (pravṛttiḥ) - the principle of universal activity or cosmic manifestation (activity, engagement, evolution, manifestation, tendency)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of pravṛtti

pravṛtti - activity, engagement, evolution, manifestation, tendency, course of action

From prefix 'pra-' + root 'vṛt' (to turn, exist) + suffix 'kti'.

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛt (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

निवृत्तिः (nivṛttiḥ) - the principle of cosmic cessation or withdrawal (cessation, disengagement, involution, non-activity, withdrawal)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of nivṛtti

nivṛtti - cessation, disengagement, involution, non-activity, withdrawal, abstinence

From prefix 'ni-' + root 'vṛt' (to turn, exist) + suffix 'kti'.

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

नियतः (niyataḥ) - regulated, controlled, disciplined, restrained, fixed, certain

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of niyata

niyata - regulated, controlled, disciplined, restrained, fixed, certain, destined

Past Passive Participle

From prefix 'ni-' + root 'yam' (to restrain, control).

Prefix: ni

Root: yam (class 1)

शाश्वतः (śāśvataḥ) - eternal, perpetual, everlasting, constant

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śāśvata

śāśvata - eternal, perpetual, everlasting, constant, permanent

From 'śaśvat' (always, eternally) + suffix 'aṇ'.

ध्रुवः (dhruvaḥ) - firm, fixed, constant, unchangeable, permanent, pole star

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhruva

dhruva - firm, fixed, constant, unchangeable, permanent, certain, pole star

From root 'dhru' (to be firm, fixed).

Root: dhru (class 1)

श्मशानचारी (śmaśānacārī) - a specific epithet for Shiva (one who moves in cremation grounds, one who frequents burial grounds)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śmaśānacārin

śmaśānacārin - one who moves in cremation grounds, frequenter of burial grounds (an epithet of Shiva)

From 'śmaśāna' (cremation ground) + 'cārin' (one who moves).

Compound type : tatpurusha (śmaśāna+cārin)

• śmaśāna – cremation ground, burial ground
  noun (neuter)
• cārin – one who moves, walks, frequents
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent Noun
  From root 'car' (to move, walk) + suffix 'ṇini'. Formed as an agent noun/adjective.
  Root: car (class 1)

भगवान् (bhagavān) - the venerable (bhagavān) lord (glorious, divine, venerable, fortunate, blessed, Lord)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhagavat

bhagavat - glorious, divine, venerable, fortunate, blessed, Lord (used as an epithet for deities)

From 'bhaga' (fortune, excellence) + possessive suffix 'matup'.

Note: This word is from the list of words to be transliterated in brackets in the translation.

खचरः (khacaraḥ) - one who moves through the sky (moving in the sky, celestial, bird, god, planet, Gandharva)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of khacara

khacara - moving in the sky, celestial, bird, god, planet, Gandharva

From 'kha' (sky, space) + 'cara' (moving).

Compound type : tatpurusha (kha+cara)

• kha – sky, space, ether, zero
  noun (neuter)
• cara – moving, going, a foot
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent Noun
  From root 'car' (to move, walk).
  Root: car (class 1)

गोचरः (gocaraḥ) - one who moves on earth, or is within the range of perception (moving on earth, range of senses, sphere of activity, knowable)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gocara

gocara - moving on earth, within the range of senses, sphere of activity, knowable, perceptible

From 'go' (earth, sense) + 'cara' (moving).

Compound type : tatpurusha (go+cara)

• go – cow, earth, speech, sense, ray
  noun (feminine)
• cara – moving, going, a foot
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent Noun
  From root 'car' (to move, walk).
  Root: car (class 1)

अर्दनः (ardanaḥ) - the afflicter or destroyer (of evil/suffering) (tormenting, afflicting, causing pain, destroying, destroyer)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ardana

ardana - tormenting, afflicting, causing pain, destroying, destroyer

Agent Noun

From root 'ṛd' (to torment, disturb, destroy) + suffix 'ana'.

Root: ṛd (class 1)