महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-17, verse-22

यस्मात्तण्डिः पुरा प्राह तेन तण्डिकृतोऽभवत् ।
स्वर्गाच्चैवात्र भूलोकं तण्डिना ह्यवतारितः ॥२२॥

22. yasmāttaṇḍiḥ purā prāha tena taṇḍikṛto'bhavat ,
svargāccaivātra bhūlokaṁ taṇḍinā hyavatāritaḥ.

22. yasmāt taṇḍiḥ purā prāha tena taṇḍikṛtaḥ abhavat
svargāt ca eva atra bhūlokam taṇḍinā hi avatāritaḥ

22. Because Taṇḍi formerly recited it, it became known as 'Taṇḍi-composed' (taṇḍikṛta). Indeed, it was brought down to this earth (bhūloka) from heaven by Taṇḍi.

Words meanings summery:

• यस्मात् (yasmāt) - indicates reason (from which, because of which, since)

• तण्डिः (taṇḍiḥ) - Taṇḍi (a sage/person's name)

• पुरा (purā) - formerly, in ancient times

• प्राह (prāha) - he said, he recited, he declared

• तेन (tena) - by Taṇḍi (by him, by that)

• तण्डिकृतः (taṇḍikṛtaḥ) - done by Taṇḍi, composed by Taṇḍi

• अभवत् (abhavat) - it became, it was

• स्वर्गात् (svargāt) - from heaven, from paradise

• च (ca) - and

• एव (eva) - emphasizes the statement (indeed, only, very, exactly)

• अत्र (atra) - referring to bhūlokam (on this earth) (here, in this place)

• भूलोकम् (bhūlokam) - to the earth-world, to the terrestrial world

• तण्डिना (taṇḍinā) - by Taṇḍi

• हि (hi) - emphasizes the truth of the statement (indeed, for, because)

• अवतारितः (avatāritaḥ) - brought down, descended

Words meanings and morphology

यस्मात् (yasmāt) - indicates reason (from which, because of which, since)

(pronoun)

Ablative, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that

Note: Adverbial use.

तण्डिः (taṇḍiḥ) - Taṇḍi (a sage/person's name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of taṇḍin

taṇḍin - name of a sage, or a person

Note: Subject of 'prāha'.

पुरा (purā) - formerly, in ancient times

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of time.

प्राह (prāha) - he said, he recited, he declared

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of brū

Perfect tense form of pra-brū. 'prāha' is the 3rd person singular perfect active form.

Prefix: pra

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: `pra-brū` means to declare, proclaim.

तेन (tena) - by Taṇḍi (by him, by that)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Taṇḍi.

तण्डिकृतः (taṇḍikṛtaḥ) - done by Taṇḍi, composed by Taṇḍi

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of taṇḍikṛta

taṇḍikṛta - made by Taṇḍi, composed by Taṇḍi

Past Passive Participle

Compound type : tatpurusha (taṇḍin+kṛta)

• taṇḍin – name of a sage
  proper noun (masculine)
• kṛta – done, made, composed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  root kṛ (to do, make) + kta suffix
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Predicate to the implied subject (the hymn).

अभवत् (abhavat) - it became, it was

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Forms the predicate 'became Taṇḍi-composed'.

स्वर्गात् (svargāt) - from heaven, from paradise

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of svarga

svarga - heaven, paradise, celestial abode

Note: Indicates origin.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

एव (eva) - emphasizes the statement (indeed, only, very, exactly)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

अत्र (atra) - referring to bhūlokam (on this earth) (here, in this place)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of place.

भूलोकम् (bhūlokam) - to the earth-world, to the terrestrial world

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhūloka

bhūloka - the earth-world, terrestrial world

Compound type : tatpurusha (bhū+loka)

• bhū – earth, ground
  noun (feminine)
• loka – world, realm
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of motion (implied by 'avatāritaḥ').

तण्डिना (taṇḍinā) - by Taṇḍi

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of taṇḍin

taṇḍin - name of a sage, or a person

Note: Agent of the passive verb 'avatāritaḥ'.

हि (hi) - emphasizes the truth of the statement (indeed, for, because)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

अवतारितः (avatāritaḥ) - brought down, descended

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of avatārita

avatārita - brought down, descended, caused to descend

Causative Past Passive Participle

prefix ava + root tṛ (to cross, to pass) in causative + kta suffix

Prefix: ava

Root: tṛ (class 1)

Note: Predicate to the implied subject (the hymn).