महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-17, verse-171

यः पठेत शुचिर्भूत्वा ब्रह्मचारी जितेन्द्रियः ।
अभग्नयोगो वर्षं तु सोऽश्वमेधफलं लभेत् ॥१७१॥

171. yaḥ paṭheta śucirbhūtvā brahmacārī jitendriyaḥ ,
abhagnayogo varṣaṁ tu so'śvamedhaphalaṁ labhet.

171. yaḥ paṭhet śuciḥ bhūtvā brahmacārī jitendriyaḥ
abhagnayogaḥ varṣam tu saḥ aśvamedhaphalam labhet

171. yaḥ śuciḥ bhūtvā brahmacārī jitendriyaḥ abhagnayogaḥ
tu varṣam paṭhet saḥ aśvamedhaphalam labhet

171. Whoever, becoming pure, observing celibacy (brahmacārī), and having controlled senses, recites this with an unbroken spiritual practice (yoga) for a year, indeed obtains the reward of an aśvamedha (Vedic ritual).

Words meanings summery:

• यः (yaḥ) - whoever, he who

• पठेत् (paṭhet) - should read, may read, recites

• शुचिः (śuciḥ) - pure, clean

• भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having become

• ब्रह्मचारी (brahmacārī) - a celibate student, one observing celibacy, one following a holy path

• जितेन्द्रियः (jitendriyaḥ) - one who has conquered his senses, self-controlled

• अभग्नयोगः (abhagnayogaḥ) - one whose discipline/practice (yoga) is unbroken

• वर्षम् (varṣam) - a year, for a year

• तु (tu) - indeed, but, and

• सः (saḥ) - he

• अश्वमेधफलम् (aśvamedhaphalam) - the fruit/reward of an aśvamedha (Vedic ritual)

• लभेत् (labhet) - would obtain, should obtain

Words meanings and morphology

यः (yaḥ) - whoever, he who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, who

पठेत् (paṭhet) - should read, may read, recites

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of paṭh

Root: paṭh (class 1)

शुचिः (śuciḥ) - pure, clean

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śuci

śuci - pure, clean, bright, white

भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having become

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Absolutive (gerund) formed from the root 'bhū'.

Root: bhū (class 1)

ब्रह्मचारी (brahmacārī) - a celibate student, one observing celibacy, one following a holy path

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of brahmacārin

brahmacārin - one who practices celibacy; a religious student, especially one studying the Vedas

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (brahman+cārin)

• brahman – sacred utterance, Veda, ultimate reality
  noun (neuter)
• cārin – moving, going, practicing, observing
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root √car (to move, to perform) with suffix -in.
  Root: car (class 1)

जितेन्द्रियः (jitendriyaḥ) - one who has conquered his senses, self-controlled

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jitendriya

jitendriya - having conquered the senses

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (jita+indriya)

• jita – conquered, subdued
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past Passive Participle of √ji (to conquer).
  Root: ji (class 1)
• indriya – sense, faculty of sense
  noun (neuter)

अभग्नयोगः (abhagnayogaḥ) - one whose discipline/practice (yoga) is unbroken

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of abhagnayoga

abhagnayoga - having unbroken discipline/practice (yoga), steadfast in spiritual practice

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+bhagna+yoga)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• bhagna – broken, interrupted, shattered
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past Passive Participle of √bhañj (to break).
  Root: bhañj (class 7)
• yoga – union, spiritual discipline, practice, method
  noun (masculine)
  Root: yuj (class 7)

वर्षम् (varṣam) - a year, for a year

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of varṣa

varṣa - year, rain, rainy season

Note: Accusative case is used to denote duration of time.

तु (tu) - indeed, but, and

(indeclinable)

सः (saḥ) - he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अश्वमेधफलम् (aśvamedhaphalam) - the fruit/reward of an aśvamedha (Vedic ritual)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of aśvamedhaphala

aśvamedhaphala - the fruit or reward of the aśvamedha (horse ritual)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (aśvamedha+phala)

• aśvamedha – horse ritual, an ancient Vedic ritual
  noun (masculine)
• phala – fruit, result, consequence, reward
  noun (neuter)

लभेत् (labhet) - would obtain, should obtain

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of labh

Root: labh (class 1)