महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-164, verse-152

अथास्येषुं समाधत्त दृढं परमसंशितम् ।
अन्तेवासिनमाचार्यो जिघांसुः पुत्रसंमितम् ॥१५२॥

152. athāsyeṣuṁ samādhatta dṛḍhaṁ paramasaṁśitam ,
antevāsinamācāryo jighāṁsuḥ putrasaṁmitam.

152. atha asya iṣum samādhata dṛḍham paramasaṃśitam
antevāsinam ācāryaḥ jighāṃsuḥ putrasaṃmitam

152. atha ācāryaḥ putrasaṃmitam antevāsinam jighāṃsuḥ
asya dṛḍham paramasaṃśitam iṣum samādhata

152. Then the preceptor (guru) (Droṇa), desiring to kill his disciple who was like a son to him, firmly fixed his exceedingly sharp arrow (onto his bow).

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - then (then, now, thereupon)

• अस्य (asya) - his (Drona's) (his, of this)

• इषुम् (iṣum) - arrow

• समाधत (samādhata) - he fixed (on the bow) (he fixed, placed, aimed)

• दृढम् (dṛḍham) - firmly (firmly, strongly, securely)

• परमसंशितम् (paramasaṁśitam) - exceedingly sharp (extremely sharp, very well sharpened)

• अन्तेवासिनम् (antevāsinam) - his disciple (disciple, student)

• आचार्यः (ācāryaḥ) - the preceptor (guru) Drona (preceptor, teacher)

• जिघांसुः (jighāṁsuḥ) - desiring to kill (desiring to kill, wishing to strike)

• पुत्रसंमितम् (putrasaṁmitam) - who was like a son (like a son, equal to a son)

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - then (then, now, thereupon)

(indeclinable)

Note: Indicates sequence of events.

अस्य (asya) - his (Drona's) (his, of this)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

Note: Refers to `ācāryaḥ` (Drona).

इषुम् (iṣum) - arrow

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of iṣu

iṣu - arrow

Root: iṣ (class 6)

Note: Object of `samādhata`.

समाधत (samādhata) - he fixed (on the bow) (he fixed, placed, aimed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of samādhā

Imperfect 3rd singular middle voice (ātmanepada) from root `dhā` with `sam-ā` prefixes

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Verb of the main action.

दृढम् (dṛḍham) - firmly (firmly, strongly, securely)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dṛḍha

dṛḍha - firm, strong, solid, resolute

Past Passive Participle

From root `dṛh` ('to be firm')

Root: dṛh (class 1)

Note: Adverbially modifying `samādhata`.

परमसंशितम् (paramasaṁśitam) - exceedingly sharp (extremely sharp, very well sharpened)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of paramasaṃśita

paramasaṁśita - very sharp, extremely whetted

Compound type : karmadhāraya (parama+saṃśita)

• parama – highest, supreme, excellent, extreme
  adjective (neuter)
• saṃśita – sharpened, whetted
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `śo` ('to sharpen') with prefix `sam`
  Prefix: sam
  Root: śo (class 4)

Note: Adjective modifying `iṣum`.

अन्तेवासिनम् (antevāsinam) - his disciple (disciple, student)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of antevāsin

antevāsin - a resident student, disciple

From `anta` (near) + `vas` (to dwell) + `in` (suffix)

Root: vas (class 1)

Note: Object of `jighāṃsuḥ`.

आचार्यः (ācāryaḥ) - the preceptor (guru) Drona (preceptor, teacher)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ācārya

ācārya - preceptor, teacher, master, guru

From `ā-car` ('to lead, instruct')

Prefix: ā

Root: car (class 1)

Note: Subject of `samādhata`.

जिघांसुः (jighāṁsuḥ) - desiring to kill (desiring to kill, wishing to strike)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jighāṃsu

jighāṁsu - desiring to kill, wishing to strike

Desiderative Present Active Participle

From desiderative stem `jighāṃsa` of root `han` ('to strike, kill')

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Adjective describing `ācāryaḥ`.

पुत्रसंमितम् (putrasaṁmitam) - who was like a son (like a son, equal to a son)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of putrasaṃmita

putrasaṁmita - equal to a son, like a son

Compound type : upapada-tatpuruṣa (putra+saṃmita)

• putra – son
  noun (masculine)
• saṃmita – measured, compared, equal to, like
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `mā` ('to measure') with prefix `sam`
  Prefix: sam
  Root: mā (class 2)

Note: Adjective modifying `antevāsinam`.