महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-164, verse-44

न तु तं मर्षयामास भीमसेनो महाबलः ।
अभ्ययात्त्वरितः कर्णं विसृजन्सायकान्बहून् ॥४४॥

44. na tu taṁ marṣayāmāsa bhīmaseno mahābalaḥ ,
abhyayāttvaritaḥ karṇaṁ visṛjansāyakānbahūn.

44. na tu taṃ marṣayāmāsa bhīmasenaḥ mahābalaḥ
abhyayāt tvaritaḥ karṇaṃ visṛjan sāyakān bahūn

44. tu mahābalaḥ bhīmasenaḥ taṃ na marṣayāmāsa tvaritaḥ
(saḥ) sāyakān bahūn visṛjan karṇaṃ abhyayāt

44. However, the mighty Bhīmasena did not tolerate that; he swiftly advanced upon Karṇa, releasing many arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no

• तु (tu) - but, however, indeed

• तं (taṁ) - Karna's action of attacking Mādhava (him, that)

• मर्षयामास (marṣayāmāsa) - endured, tolerated, forgave

• भीमसेनः (bhīmasenaḥ) - Bhīmasena (a character in the Mahabharata)

• महाबलः (mahābalaḥ) - mighty, of great strength

• अभ्ययात् (abhyayāt) - went against, attacked, approached

• त्वरितः (tvaritaḥ) - swiftly (hastened, swift, quick)

• कर्णं (karṇaṁ) - Karna

• विसृजन् (visṛjan) - releasing, discharging, letting go

• सायकान् (sāyakān) - arrows, missiles

• बहून् (bahūn) - many, numerous

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates the verb 'marṣayāmāsa'.

तु (tu) - but, however, indeed

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the preceding idea with the current one, implying a contrast.

तं (taṁ) - Karna's action of attacking Mādhava (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Object of 'marṣayāmāsa'. Refers to Karṇa's action of attacking Mādhava.

मर्षयामास (marṣayāmāsa) - endured, tolerated, forgave

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of mṛṣ

Perfect 3rd singular active of the causative of root 'mṛṣ'.

Root: mṛṣ (class 4)

Note: Main verb of the first clause.

भीमसेनः (bhīmasenaḥ) - Bhīmasena (a character in the Mahabharata)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīmasena

bhīmasena - one whose army is terrible; name of the second Pāṇḍava

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bhīma+senā)

• bhīma – terrible, formidable
  adjective
• senā – army, host
  noun (feminine)

Note: Subject of 'marṣayāmāsa'.

महाबलः (mahābalaḥ) - mighty, of great strength

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahābala

mahābala - of great strength, very powerful

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+bala)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• bala – strength, power
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'Bhīmasenaḥ'.

अभ्ययात् (abhyayāt) - went against, attacked, approached

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of abhi-i

Imperfect 3rd singular active of root 'i' (to go) with prefix 'abhi'.

Prefix: abhi

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Main verb of the second clause.

त्वरितः (tvaritaḥ) - swiftly (hastened, swift, quick)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tvarita

tvarita - hastened, swift, quick

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'tvar' (to hasten). Used adverbially here.

Root: tvar (class 1)

Note: Describes Bhīmasena's manner of approach.

कर्णं (karṇaṁ) - Karna

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - ear; name of a character in the Mahabharata

Note: Object of 'abhyayāt'.

विसृजन् (visṛjan) - releasing, discharging, letting go

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of visṛjat

visṛjat - releasing, discharging

Present Active Participle

Derived from root 'sṛj' (to create, emit, release) with prefix 'vi' and 'śatṛ' (at) suffix.

Prefix: vi

Root: sṛj (class 6)

Note: Describes the action performed by Bhīmasena simultaneously with 'abhyayāt'.

सायकान् (sāyakān) - arrows, missiles

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sāyaka

sāyaka - arrow, missile

Note: Object of 'visṛjan'.

बहून् (bahūn) - many, numerous

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bahu

bahu - many, much, numerous

Note: Agrees with 'sāyakān'.