महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-164, verse-63

दृष्ट्वाश्वनरसंघानां विपुलं च क्षयं युधि ।
पाण्डवेया महाराज नाशंसुर्विजयं तदा ॥६३॥

63. dṛṣṭvāśvanarasaṁghānāṁ vipulaṁ ca kṣayaṁ yudhi ,
pāṇḍaveyā mahārāja nāśaṁsurvijayaṁ tadā.

63. dṛṣṭvā aśvanarasaṃghānām vipulam ca kṣayam yudhi
pāṇḍaveyāḥ mahārāja na āśaṃsuḥ vijayam tadā

63. mahārāja pāṇḍaveyāḥ yudhi aśvanarasaṃghānām
vipulam kṣayam ca dṛṣṭvā tadā vijayam na āśaṃsuḥ

63. O great king, having seen the vast destruction of the hosts of horses and men in battle, the Pāṇḍavas then did not hope for victory.

Words meanings summery:

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

• अश्वनरसंघानाम् (aśvanarasaṁghānām) - of the hosts of horses and men

• विपुलम् (vipulam) - vast, immense, extensive

• च (ca) - and, also

• क्षयम् (kṣayam) - destruction, loss, ruin

• युधि (yudhi) - in battle, in war

• पाण्डवेयाः (pāṇḍaveyāḥ) - the sons of Pandu, the Pandavas

• महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king

• न (na) - not, no

• आशंसुः (āśaṁsuḥ) - hoped, expected, wished for

• विजयम् (vijayam) - victory, triumph

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

Words meanings and morphology

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

root √dṛś (to see) + ktvā (absolutive suffix)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

अश्वनरसंघानाम् (aśvanarasaṁghānām) - of the hosts of horses and men

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of aśvanarasaṃgha

aśvanarasaṁgha - assemblage of horses and men, host of horses and men

Compound type : dvandva (aśva+nara+saṃgha)

• aśva – horse
  noun (masculine)
• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• saṃgha – assemblage, collection, host, multitude
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: han (class 2)

विपुलम् (vipulam) - vast, immense, extensive

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vipula

vipula - vast, extensive, large, great

Note: Agrees with kṣayam

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

क्षयम् (kṣayam) - destruction, loss, ruin

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kṣaya

kṣaya - destruction, decay, ruin, loss

root √kṣi (to destroy, diminish) + a (suffix)

Root: kṣi (class 5)

युधि (yudhi) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of yudh

yudh - battle, war, fight

From root √yudh (to fight)

Root: yudh (class 4)

पाण्डवेयाः (pāṇḍaveyāḥ) - the sons of Pandu, the Pandavas

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍaveya

pāṇḍaveya - a descendant of Pandu, son of Pandu

Pandu + eya (patronymic suffix)

महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahat+rājan)

• mahat – great, large
  adjective
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

Note: Addressing Dhritarashtra

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

आशंसुः (āśaṁsuḥ) - hoped, expected, wished for

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past aorist (luṅ) of āśaṃs

Aorist

root √śaṃs (to praise, declare) with upasarga ā, aorist 3rd plural

Prefix: ā

Root: śaṃs (class 1)

विजयम् (vijayam) - victory, triumph

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vijaya

vijaya - victory, triumph, conquest

upasarga vi + root √ji (to conquer) + a (suffix)

Prefix: vi

Root: ji (class 1)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

tad (that) + dā (temporal suffix)