महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-164, verse-54

पाञ्चालास्त्वेकतो द्रोणमभ्यघ्नन्बहुभिः शरैः ।
भीमसेनपुरोगाश्च एकतः पर्यवारयन् ॥५४॥

54. pāñcālāstvekato droṇamabhyaghnanbahubhiḥ śaraiḥ ,
bhīmasenapurogāśca ekataḥ paryavārayan.

54. pañcālāḥ tu ekataḥ droṇam abhyaghnan bahubhiḥ
śaraiḥ bhīmasenapurogāḥ ca ekataḥ paryavārayan

54. tu pañcālāḥ ekataḥ bahubhiḥ śaraiḥ droṇam
abhyaghnan ca bhīmasenapurogāḥ ekataḥ paryavārayan

54. The Pañcālas, from one side, struck Droṇa with many arrows, while those led by Bhīmasena surrounded him from another side.

Words meanings summery:

• पञ्चालाः (pañcālāḥ) - the soldiers from the Pañcāla kingdom (the Pañcālas (people from the Pañcāla kingdom))

• तु (tu) - indeed, on the other hand (but, indeed, however, on the other hand)

• एकतः (ekataḥ) - from one side (from one side, on one side, on the one hand)

• द्रोणम् (droṇam) - Droṇa, the revered guru and commander (Droṇa (name of a character))

• अभ्यघ्नन् (abhyaghnan) - they attacked (Droṇa) (they struck, they assailed)

• बहुभिः (bahubhiḥ) - with many (by many, with many)

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows (by arrows, with arrows)

• भीमसेनपुरोगाः (bhīmasenapurogāḥ) - the warriors led by Bhīmasena (those having Bhīmasena in front, led by Bhīmasena)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• एकतः (ekataḥ) - from another side (from one side, on one side, on the one hand)

• पर्यवारयन् (paryavārayan) - they surrounded (Droṇa) (they surrounded, they encompassed)

Words meanings and morphology

पञ्चालाः (pañcālāḥ) - the soldiers from the Pañcāla kingdom (the Pañcālas (people from the Pañcāla kingdom))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pañcāla

pañcāla - a native of the Pañcāla country; the Pañcālas (plural)

तु (tu) - indeed, on the other hand (but, indeed, however, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

एकतः (ekataḥ) - from one side (from one side, on one side, on the one hand)

(indeclinable)

suffix -tas indicating 'from' or 'on'

द्रोणम् (droṇam) - Droṇa, the revered guru and commander (Droṇa (name of a character))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Droṇa (a proper noun, name of a guru and warrior)

अभ्यघ्नन् (abhyaghnan) - they attacked (Droṇa) (they struck, they assailed)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of han

Imperfect Active

3rd person plural, Paras. Pada, Imperfect, root han

Prefix: abhi

Root: han (class 2)

बहुभिः (bahubhiḥ) - with many (by many, with many)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bahu

bahu - many, much, numerous

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows (by arrows, with arrows)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow, reed

भीमसेनपुरोगाः (bhīmasenapurogāḥ) - the warriors led by Bhīmasena (those having Bhīmasena in front, led by Bhīmasena)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bhīmasenapuroga

bhīmasenapuroga - having Bhīmasena as leader, led by Bhīmasena

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bhīmasena+puroga)

• bhīmasena – Bhīmasena (a proper noun, name of a Pāṇḍava brother)
  proper noun (masculine)
• puroga – going before, leading, preceded by, having as a chief
  adjective (masculine)
  From puras (before) + √gam (to go)
  Prefix: puras
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Refers to the warriors, acting as a noun here.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

एकतः (ekataḥ) - from another side (from one side, on one side, on the one hand)

(indeclinable)

suffix -tas indicating 'from' or 'on'

Note: Repeats for emphasis on different sides.

पर्यवारयन् (paryavārayan) - they surrounded (Droṇa) (they surrounded, they encompassed)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of vṛ

Imperfect Active

3rd person plural, Paras. Pada, Imperfect, root vṛ

Prefixes: pari+ava

Root: vṛ (class 5)