महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-164, verse-133

स छिन्नधन्वा विरथो हताश्वो हतसारथिः ।
उत्तमामापदं प्राप्य गदां वीरः परामृशत् ॥१३३॥

133. sa chinnadhanvā viratho hatāśvo hatasārathiḥ ,
uttamāmāpadaṁ prāpya gadāṁ vīraḥ parāmṛśat.

133. saḥ chinna-dhanvā virathaḥ hata-aśvaḥ hata-sārathiḥ
uttamām āpadam prāpya gadām vīraḥ parāmṛśat

133. saḥ vīraḥ chinna-dhanvā virathaḥ hata-aśvaḥ
hata-sārathiḥ uttamām āpadam prāpya gadām parāmṛśat

133. Having fallen into the direst calamity, that hero, his bow broken, his chariot destroyed, and his horses and charioteer slain, then grasped his mace.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - that hero (he, that)

• छिन्न-धन्वा (chinna-dhanvā) - his bow broken (with a broken bow)

• विरथः (virathaḥ) - his chariot destroyed (chariots-less, dismounted from a chariot)

• हत-अश्वः (hata-aśvaḥ) - his horses slain (with dead horses)

• हत-सारथिः (hata-sārathiḥ) - his charioteer slain (with a dead charioteer)

• उत्तमाम् (uttamām) - direst (supreme, highest, worst)

• आपदम् (āpadam) - calamity (calamity, distress, misfortune)

• प्राप्य (prāpya) - having fallen into (having obtained, having reached)

• गदाम् (gadām) - his mace (mace)

• वीरः (vīraḥ) - that hero (hero, brave man)

• परामृशत् (parāmṛśat) - he grasped (he seized, he grasped, he touched)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - that hero (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he

Note: Refers to Droṇa.

छिन्न-धन्वा (chinna-dhanvā) - his bow broken (with a broken bow)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of chinna-dhanvan

chinna-dhanvan - having a broken bow

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (chinna+dhanvan)

• chinna – broken, cut, severed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past passive participle of root 'chid' (to cut, to break).
  Root: chid (class 7)
• dhanvan – bow
  noun (neuter)

Note: Adjective agreeing with `saḥ` (hero).

विरथः (virathaḥ) - his chariot destroyed (chariots-less, dismounted from a chariot)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viratha

viratha - without a chariot, dismounted from a chariot

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vi+ratha)

• vi – without, apart from
  indeclinable
• ratha – chariot, car
  noun (masculine)

Note: Adjective agreeing with `saḥ` (hero).

हत-अश्वः (hata-aśvaḥ) - his horses slain (with dead horses)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hata-aśva

hata-aśva - whose horses are killed, having dead horses

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (hata+aśva)

• hata – killed, struck, destroyed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past passive participle of root 'han' (to strike, to kill).
  Root: han (class 2)
• aśva – horse
  noun (masculine)

Note: Adjective agreeing with `saḥ` (hero).

हत-सारथिः (hata-sārathiḥ) - his charioteer slain (with a dead charioteer)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hata-sārathi

hata-sārathi - whose charioteer is killed, having a dead charioteer

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (hata+sārathi)

• hata – killed, struck, destroyed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past passive participle of root 'han' (to strike, to kill).
  Root: han (class 2)
• sārathi – charioteer, driver
  noun (masculine)

Note: Adjective agreeing with `saḥ` (hero).

उत्तमाम् (uttamām) - direst (supreme, highest, worst)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of uttama

uttama - highest, best, chief; ultimate, last; worst (in context of calamity)

Note: Adjective agreeing with `āpadam`.

आपदम् (āpadam) - calamity (calamity, distress, misfortune)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of āpad

āpad - calamity, misfortune, distress

प्राप्य (prāpya) - having fallen into (having obtained, having reached)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive form from root 'āp' with prefix 'pra'.

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

गदाम् (gadām) - his mace (mace)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of gadā

gadā - mace, club

वीरः (vīraḥ) - that hero (hero, brave man)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vīra

vīra - hero, brave man, warrior

Note: Refers to Droṇa.

परामृशत् (parāmṛśat) - he grasped (he seized, he grasped, he touched)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of mṛś

Imperfect tense, parasmaipada, 3rd person singular.

Prefix: parā

Root: mṛś (class 6)