महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-164, verse-128

धृष्टद्युम्नं ततोऽविध्यन्नवभिर्निशितैः शरैः ।
जीवितान्तकरैः क्रुद्धः क्रुद्धरूपं परंतपः ॥१२८॥

128. dhṛṣṭadyumnaṁ tato'vidhyannavabhirniśitaiḥ śaraiḥ ,
jīvitāntakaraiḥ kruddhaḥ kruddharūpaṁ paraṁtapaḥ.

128. dhṛṣṭadyumnam tataḥ avidhyan navabhiḥ niśitaiḥ śaraiḥ
jīvitāntakaraiḥ kruddhaḥ kruddharūpam paraṃtapaḥ

128. tataḥ kruddhaḥ kruddharūpam paraṃtapaḥ dhṛṣṭadyumnam
jīvitāntakaraiḥ navabhiḥ niśitaiḥ śaraiḥ avidhyan

128. Then, the enraged tormentor of foes, assuming an enraged form, pierced Dhṛṣṭadyumna with nine sharpened, life-ending arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• धृष्टद्युम्नम् (dhṛṣṭadyumnam) - Dhṛṣṭadyumna (Dhṛṣṭadyumna (proper noun))

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, therefore, from that)

• अविध्यन् (avidhyan) - he pierced (he pierced (epic usage))

• नवभिः (navabhiḥ) - with nine (arrows) (with nine)

• निशितैः (niśitaiḥ) - with sharpened (arrows) (with sharpened, keen)

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

• जीवितान्तकरैः (jīvitāntakaraiḥ) - with life-ending (arrows) (with life-ending, death-dealing)

• क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - enraged (the attacker) (enraged, angry)

• क्रुद्धरूपम् (kruddharūpam) - assuming an enraged form (having an enraged form, in an angry form)

• परंतपः (paraṁtapaḥ) - the tormentor of foes (the attacker) (tormentor of foes, subduer of enemies)

Words meanings and morphology

धृष्टद्युम्नम् (dhṛṣṭadyumnam) - Dhṛṣṭadyumna (Dhṛṣṭadyumna (proper noun))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dhṛṣṭadyumna

dhṛṣṭadyumna - Dhṛṣṭadyumna (name of a prominent character in Mahabharata, commander of Pandava army)

Note: Object of the verb 'avidhyan'.

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, therefore, from that)

(indeclinable)

Note: Denotes sequence of events.

अविध्यन् (avidhyan) - he pierced (he pierced (epic usage))

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of vyadh

Imperfect Active

Root vyadh (4th class), Parasmaipada, 3rd person singular (epic usage, grammatically 3rd plural)

Root: vyadh (class 4)

Note: Main verb.

नवभिः (navabhiḥ) - with nine (arrows) (with nine)

(numeral)

Note: Qualifies 'śaraiḥ'.

निशितैः (niśitaiḥ) - with sharpened (arrows) (with sharpened, keen)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of niśita

niśita - sharpened, keen, whetted

Past Passive Participle

From ni- (down, completely) + śo (to sharpen) + kta

Prefix: ni

Root: śo (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'śaraiḥ'.

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow

Note: Instrument of piercing.

जीवितान्तकरैः (jīvitāntakaraiḥ) - with life-ending (arrows) (with life-ending, death-dealing)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of jīvitāntakara

jīvitāntakara - ending life, causing death

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jīvita+anta+kara)

• jīvita – life, livelihood
  noun (neuter)
  Root: jīv (class 1)
• anta – end, limit, boundary
  noun (masculine)
• kara – making, causing, doing
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent Noun
  From root kṛ (to do) + a (suffix)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Qualifies 'śaraiḥ'.

क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - enraged (the attacker) (enraged, angry)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kruddha

kruddha - angry, enraged, wrathful

Past Passive Participle

From krudh (to be angry) + kta

Root: krudh (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'paraṃtapaḥ'.

क्रुद्धरूपम् (kruddharūpam) - assuming an enraged form (having an enraged form, in an angry form)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kruddharūpa

kruddharūpa - having an angry or enraged form

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kruddha+rūpa)

• kruddha – angry, enraged
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From krudh (to be angry) + kta
  Root: krudh (class 4)
• rūpa – form, shape, appearance
  noun (neuter)

Note: Adverbially describes the manner of the action.

परंतपः (paraṁtapaḥ) - the tormentor of foes (the attacker) (tormentor of foes, subduer of enemies)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paraṃtapa

paraṁtapa - tormentor of enemies, subduer of foes

From param (enemy) + tapa (burning, scorching, tormenting)

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (param+tapa)

• param – enemy, opponent, supreme
  noun (masculine)
• tapa – heating, tormenting, causing pain
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent Noun
  From root tap (to heat, to torment) + a (suffix)
  Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Subject of the verb 'avidhyan'.