महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-164, verse-59

द्रोणास्त्रेण महाराज वध्यमानाः परे युधि ।
नात्रसन्त रणे द्रोणात्सत्त्ववन्तो महारथाः ॥५९॥

59. droṇāstreṇa mahārāja vadhyamānāḥ pare yudhi ,
nātrasanta raṇe droṇātsattvavanto mahārathāḥ.

59. droṇāstreṇa mahārāja vadhyamānāḥ pare yudhi na
atrasanta raṇe droṇāt sattvavantaḥ mahārathāḥ

59. mahārāja droṇāstreṇa yudhi vadhyamānāḥ api pare
droṇāt raṇe na atrasanta hi sattvavantaḥ mahārathāḥ

59. O great king, the enemies, even while being slain in battle by Drona's weapon, did not tremble before Drona in the fight; for these great charioteers were full of courage.

Words meanings summery:

• द्रोणास्त्रेण (droṇāstreṇa) - by Drona's weapon

• महाराज (mahārāja) - Dhritarashtra (O great king)

• वध्यमानाः (vadhyamānāḥ) - being killed, being struck down

• परे (pare) - the opposing army, i.e., the Pandavas and Panchalas (the others, the enemies)

• युधि (yudhi) - in battle, in fight

• न (na) - not, nor

• अत्रसन्त (atrasanta) - they did not tremble

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in war

• द्रोणात् (droṇāt) - from Drona, before Drona

• सत्त्ववन्तः (sattvavantaḥ) - endowed with strength/courage, powerful

• महारथाः (mahārathāḥ) - great charioteers

Words meanings and morphology

द्रोणास्त्रेण (droṇāstreṇa) - by Drona's weapon

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of droṇāstra

droṇāstra - Drona's weapon

Compound type : tatpurusha (droṇa+astra)

• droṇa – Drona
  proper noun (masculine)
• astra – weapon, missile
  noun (neuter)
  Root: as (class 4)

महाराज (mahārāja) - Dhritarashtra (O great king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahat+rājan)

• mahat – great, mighty
  adjective
• rājan – king
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)

वध्यमानाः (vadhyamānāḥ) - being killed, being struck down

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vadhyamāna

vadhyamāna - being killed, being smitten

Present Passive Participle

From root vadh (to strike, kill), causative of han (to strike)

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'pare' and 'mahārathāḥ'.

परे (pare) - the opposing army, i.e., the Pandavas and Panchalas (the others, the enemies)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of para

para - other, hostile, enemy

Note: Refers to the enemies.

युधि (yudhi) - in battle, in fight

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of yudh

yudh - battle, fight, war

Root: yudh (class 4)

न (na) - not, nor

(indeclinable)

अत्रसन्त (atrasanta) - they did not tremble

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect past (laṅ) of tras

root tras, 1st and 4th class

Root: tras (class 1)

Note: Augment 'a' added for imperfect tense.

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, fight

द्रोणात् (droṇāt) - from Drona, before Drona

(proper noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Drona (a famous teacher of archery, preceptor of the Kauravas and Pandavas)

Note: Indicates source or object of fear.

सत्त्ववन्तः (sattvavantaḥ) - endowed with strength/courage, powerful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sattvavat

sattvavat - courageous, strong, mighty, endowed with sattva

suffix -vat (possessive)

Note: Agrees with 'mahārathāḥ'.

महारथाः (mahārathāḥ) - great charioteers

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahāratha

mahāratha - great charioteer, mighty warrior

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahat+ratha)

• mahat – great, mighty
  adjective
• ratha – chariot, warrior (by extension)
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ram (class 1)