महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-164, verse-39

स गाढविद्धो व्यथितः प्रत्यपायाद्रथान्तरम् ।
दुर्योधनो महाराज दाशार्हशरपीडितः ॥३९॥

39. sa gāḍhaviddho vyathitaḥ pratyapāyādrathāntaram ,
duryodhano mahārāja dāśārhaśarapīḍitaḥ.

39. saḥ gāḍhaviddhaḥ vyathitaḥ pratyapāyāt rathāntaram
duryodhanaḥ mahārāja dāśārhaśarapīḍitaḥ

39. mahārāja duryodhanaḥ saḥ gāḍhaviddhaḥ vyathitaḥ
dāśārhaśarapīḍitaḥ rathāntaram pratyapāyāt

39. O great king, Duryodhana, deeply wounded and distressed, and afflicted by the arrows of the Daśārha [Satyaki], retreated to another chariot.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he (Duryodhana) (he, that)

• गाढविद्धः (gāḍhaviddhaḥ) - deeply wounded (deeply wounded, severely pierced)

• व्यथितः (vyathitaḥ) - distressed (pained, distressed, agitated)

• प्रत्यपायात् (pratyapāyāt) - retreated (retreated, went back)

• रथान्तरम् (rathāntaram) - another chariot (another chariot, a different chariot)

• दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana (Duryodhana (proper noun))

• महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king (addressing Dhritarashtra) (O great king)

• दाशार्हशरपीडितः (dāśārhaśarapīḍitaḥ) - afflicted by the arrows of Satyaki (afflicted by the arrows of the Daśārha)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he (Duryodhana) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

गाढविद्धः (gāḍhaviddhaḥ) - deeply wounded (deeply wounded, severely pierced)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gāḍhaviddha

gāḍhaviddha - deeply pierced/wounded

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (gāḍha+viddha)

• gāḍha – deep, firm, intense, severe
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √gah (to plunge) + kta
  Root: gah (class 1)
• viddha – pierced, struck, wounded
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √vyadh (to pierce, strike) + kta
  Root: vyadh (class 4)

Note: Modifies Duryodhana.

व्यथितः (vyathitaḥ) - distressed (pained, distressed, agitated)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vyathita

vyathita - pained, distressed, agitated

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root vyath (to move, be disturbed, be pained) + kta

Root: vyath (class 1)

Note: Modifies Duryodhana.

प्रत्यपायात् (pratyapāyāt) - retreated (retreated, went back)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past (luṅ) of prati-apa-i

Aorist

Derived from root i (class 2) with prefixes prati- and apa-, 3rd person singular, active voice, aorist tense.

Prefixes: prati+apa

Root: i (class 2)

रथान्तरम् (rathāntaram) - another chariot (another chariot, a different chariot)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rathāntara

rathāntara - another chariot, a different chariot

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ratha+antara)

• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)
• antara – other, different, internal
  adjective (neuter)

Note: Accusative of destination.

दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana (Duryodhana (proper noun))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (son of Dhritarashtra, antagonist in Mahabharata)

महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king (addressing Dhritarashtra) (O great king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+rāja)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective (masculine)
• rāja – king
  noun (masculine)

दाशार्हशरपीडितः (dāśārhaśarapīḍitaḥ) - afflicted by the arrows of Satyaki (afflicted by the arrows of the Daśārha)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dāśārhaśarapīḍita

dāśārhaśarapīḍita - afflicted by Daśārha's arrows

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dāśārha+śara+pīḍita)

• dāśārha – descendant of Daśārha, a member of the Yadu clan (Satyaki)
  proper noun (masculine)
• śara – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• pīḍita – afflicted, tormented, oppressed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root pīḍ (to torment, distress) + kta
  Root: pīḍ (class 10)

Note: Modifies Duryodhana.