महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-164, verse-150

ते तु वैतस्तिका नाम शरा ह्यासन्नघातिनः ।
निकृष्टयुद्धे द्रोणस्य नान्येषां सन्ति ते शराः ॥१५०॥

150. te tu vaitastikā nāma śarā hyāsannaghātinaḥ ,
nikṛṣṭayuddhe droṇasya nānyeṣāṁ santi te śarāḥ.

150. te tu vaitastikā nāma śarāḥ hi āsan aghātinaḥ
nikṛṣṭayuddhe droṇasya na anyeṣām santi te śarāḥ

150. te vaitastikā nāma śarāḥ hi aghātinaḥ āsan
nikṛṣṭayuddhe droṇasya te śarāḥ na anyeṣām santi

150. Indeed, those arrows, named Vaitastika, were certainly non-fatal. Such arrows belong only to Drona, employed in a base form of warfare; they are not possessed by anyone else.

Words meanings summery:

• ते (te) - those (arrows) (they, those)

• तु (tu) - indeed (but, on the other hand, indeed)

• वैतस्तिका (vaitastikā) - named Vaitastika (named Vaitastika (an arrow type))

• नाम (nāma) - named (by name, indeed, namely)

• शराः (śarāḥ) - arrows

• हि (hi) - certainly (indeed, certainly, because)

• आसन् (āsan) - they were

• अघातिनः (aghātinaḥ) - non-fatal (non-killing, non-fatal)

• निकृष्टयुद्धे (nikṛṣṭayuddhe) - in a base form of warfare (in degraded battle, in a despicable fight)

• द्रोणस्य (droṇasya) - of Drona

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• अन्येषाम् (anyeṣām) - of others (warriors) (of others)

• सन्ति (santi) - they exist (they are, exist)

• ते (te) - those (arrows) (they, those)

• शराः (śarāḥ) - arrows

Words meanings and morphology

ते (te) - those (arrows) (they, those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

तु (tu) - indeed (but, on the other hand, indeed)

(indeclinable)

वैतस्तिका (vaitastikā) - named Vaitastika (named Vaitastika (an arrow type))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vaitastika

vaitastika - belonging to a vitasta (span); named Vaitastika (a type of arrow)

Derived from `vitasta` (span) + `ika` suffix

Note: Agrees with `śarāḥ`.

नाम (nāma) - named (by name, indeed, namely)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used here to qualify `vaitastikā`.

शराः (śarāḥ) - arrows

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow, reed

Note: Subject of the sentence.

हि (hi) - certainly (indeed, certainly, because)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes the statement.

आसन् (āsan) - they were

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of as

Imperfect 3rd plural active

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Verb for `śarāḥ`.

अघातिनः (aghātinaḥ) - non-fatal (non-killing, non-fatal)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of aghātin

aghātin - non-killing, not hurting, harmless

Negative prefix `a-` + `ghātin` (from root `han` 'to strike, kill')

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+ghātin)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• ghātin – killer, striking, destructive; one who kills
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun from root `han` ('to strike, kill')
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: Predicate adjective for `śarāḥ`.

निकृष्टयुद्धे (nikṛṣṭayuddhe) - in a base form of warfare (in degraded battle, in a despicable fight)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of nikṛṣṭayuddha

nikṛṣṭayuddha - degraded battle, despicable combat

Compound type : karmadhāraya (nikṛṣṭa+yuddha)

• nikṛṣṭa – degraded, despised, vile, low
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From `ni-kṛṣ` ('to pull down, degrade')
  Prefix: ni
  Root: kṛṣ (class 1)
• yuddha – battle, fight, war
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle (substantivized)
  From root `yudh` ('to fight')
  Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Indicates the circumstance of the arrows' use.

द्रोणस्य (droṇasya) - of Drona

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Drona (proper name), a measure, a kind of vessel

Note: Possessive, indicates ownership of the arrows.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates the verb `santi`.

अन्येषाम् (anyeṣām) - of others (warriors) (of others)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of anya

anya - other, another

Note: Contrasts with `droṇasya`.

सन्ति (santi) - they exist (they are, exist)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present 3rd plural active

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Verb for `śarāḥ` in the second clause.

ते (te) - those (arrows) (they, those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to the arrows mentioned earlier.

शराः (śarāḥ) - arrows

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow, reed

Note: Subject of the second clause.