महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-24, verse-78

स्वान्यायुधानि मुख्यानि न्यदधाच्छंकरो रथे ।
रथयष्टिं वियत्कृष्टां स्थापयामास गोवृषम् ॥७८॥

78. svānyāyudhāni mukhyāni nyadadhācchaṁkaro rathe ,
rathayaṣṭiṁ viyatkṛṣṭāṁ sthāpayāmāsa govṛṣam.

78. svāni āyudhāni mukhyāni nyadadhāt śaṅkaraḥ rathe
rathayaṣṭim viyatkṛṣṭām sthāpayāmāsa govṛṣam

78. śaṅkaraḥ svāni mukhyāni āyudhāni rathe nyadadhāt.
viyatkṛṣṭām rathayaṣṭim govṛṣam sthāpayāmāsa.

78. Shankara placed his own principal weapons in the chariot. He set up the sky-reaching chariot-pole, which was a bull (or bore a bull emblem).

Words meanings summery:

• स्वानि (svāni) - his own, belonging to oneself

• आयुधानि (āyudhāni) - weapons, arms

• मुख्यानि (mukhyāni) - principal, chief, foremost

• न्यदधात् (nyadadhāt) - he placed, he put down

• शङ्करः (śaṅkaraḥ) - Lord Shiva (Shankara (an epithet of Shiva))

• रथे (rathe) - in the chariot

• रथयष्टिम् (rathayaṣṭim) - the chariot-pole

• वियत्कृष्टाम् (viyatkṛṣṭām) - reaching high into the sky (sky-drawn, sky-reaching, drawn by the sky)

• स्थापयामास (sthāpayāmāsa) - he caused to stand, he established, he placed

• गोवृषम् (govṛṣam) - as a bull (referring to the emblem on the pole or the pole itself being like a bull) (a bull; a chief bull; Shiva's bull Nandi)

Words meanings and morphology

स्वानि (svāni) - his own, belonging to oneself

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of sva

sva - own, self, one's own people/property

Note: Agrees with 'āyudhāni'.

आयुधानि (āyudhāni) - weapons, arms

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of āyudha

āyudha - weapon, implement, tool

मुख्यानि (mukhyāni) - principal, chief, foremost

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, plural of mukhya

mukhya - chief, principal, foremost, primary

Note: Agrees with 'āyudhāni'.

न्यदधात् (nyadadhāt) - he placed, he put down

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of nyadhā

Prefix: ni

Root: dhā (class 3)

शङ्करः (śaṅkaraḥ) - Lord Shiva (Shankara (an epithet of Shiva))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śaṅkara

śaṅkara - Shankara (name of Shiva), auspicious, beneficial

Compound type : tatpurusha (śam+kara)

• śam – peace, welfare, good fortune
  noun (neuter)
• kara – maker, doer
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun
  From root 'kṛ' (to do, make) with suffix 'a'.
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

रथे (rathe) - in the chariot

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

रथयष्टिम् (rathayaṣṭim) - the chariot-pole

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of rathayaṣṭi

rathayaṣṭi - chariot-pole, chariot-shaft

Compound type : tatpurusha (ratha+yaṣṭi)

• ratha – chariot, car
  noun (masculine)
• yaṣṭi – pole, staff, rod
  noun (feminine)

वियत्कृष्टाम् (viyatkṛṣṭām) - reaching high into the sky (sky-drawn, sky-reaching, drawn by the sky)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of viyatkṛṣṭa

viyatkṛṣṭa - sky-drawn, high-drawn, reaching the sky

Past Passive Participle (compound)

Compound of 'viyat' (sky) and 'kṛṣṭa' (drawn, pulled, cultivated).

Compound type : tatpurusha (viyat+kṛṣṭa)

• viyat – sky, atmosphere, firmament
  noun (neuter)
• kṛṣṭa – drawn, pulled, cultivated
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'kṛṣ' (to draw, pull).
  Root: kṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'rathayaṣṭim'.

स्थापयामास (sthāpayāmāsa) - he caused to stand, he established, he placed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of sthāpayāmāsa

Periphrastic perfect of causative of root 'sthā' (to stand).

Root: sthā (class 1)

गोवृषम् (govṛṣam) - as a bull (referring to the emblem on the pole or the pole itself being like a bull) (a bull; a chief bull; Shiva's bull Nandi)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of govṛṣa

govṛṣa - bull, chief bull; also an epithet for Shiva's vehicle Nandi

Compound type : tatpurusha (go+vṛṣa)

• go – cow, ox, cattle
  noun (feminine)
• vṛṣa – bull, male; best, excellent
  noun (masculine)

Note: Implies the chariot pole bore a bull emblem or was itself manifested as a bull, referring to Nandi, Shiva's bull.