महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-24, verse-34

अहं हि तुल्यः सर्वेषां भूतानां नात्र संशयः ।
अधार्मिकास्तु हन्तव्या इत्यहं प्रब्रवीमि वः ॥३४॥

34. ahaṁ hi tulyaḥ sarveṣāṁ bhūtānāṁ nātra saṁśayaḥ ,
adhārmikāstu hantavyā ityahaṁ prabravīmi vaḥ.

34. aham hi tulyaḥ sarveṣām bhūtānām na atra saṃśayaḥ
adhārmikāḥ tu hantavyāḥ iti aham prabravīmi vaḥ

34. aham hi sarveṣām bhūtānām tulyaḥ atra saṃśayaḥ na
tu adhārmikāḥ hantavyāḥ iti aham vaḥ prabravīmi

34. Indeed, I am impartial to all beings; there is no doubt about that. However, those who violate natural law (adharma) must be slain – this is what I declare to you.

Words meanings summery:

• अहम् (aham) - I

• हि (hi) - indeed, certainly, because

• तुल्यः (tulyaḥ) - equal, similar, impartial

• सर्वेषाम् (sarveṣām) - of all

• भूतानाम् (bhūtānām) - of beings, of creatures

• न (na) - not, no

• अत्र (atra) - here, in this matter, concerning this

• संशयः (saṁśayaḥ) - doubt, uncertainty

• अधार्मिकाः (adhārmikāḥ) - those who violate natural law (adharma) (unrighteous ones, those who violate natural law)

• तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, however

• हन्तव्याः (hantavyāḥ) - must be slain (to be killed, fit to be slain, must be killed)

• इति (iti) - marking the preceding statement as direct speech (thus, in this manner, marking direct speech)

• अहम् (aham) - I

• प्रब्रवीमि (prabravīmi) - I declare, I say, I announce

• वः (vaḥ) - to you (gods) (to you, of you (plural))

Words meanings and morphology

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

First person pronoun

हि (hi) - indeed, certainly, because

(indeclinable)

Particle

तुल्यः (tulyaḥ) - equal, similar, impartial

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tulya

tulya - equal, similar, comparable, impartial

Gerundive (secondary derivation)

From 'tulā' (scale) + 'yat' suffix, meaning 'comparable, like'.

Root: tul (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'aham'.

सर्वेषाम् (sarveṣām) - of all

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Modifies 'bhūtānām'.

भूतानाम् (bhūtānām) - of beings, of creatures

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of bhūta

bhūta - being, creature, element; past, happened

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'bhū' (to be, to become)

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Object of comparison for 'tulyaḥ'.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Negative particle

Note: Negates 'saṃśayaḥ'.

अत्र (atra) - here, in this matter, concerning this

(indeclinable)

Adverb of place or reference.

संशयः (saṁśayaḥ) - doubt, uncertainty

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃśaya

saṁśaya - doubt, uncertainty, suspicion

From 'sam' + 'śī' (to lie) + 'a' suffix.

Prefix: sam

Root: śī (class 2)

Note: Subject of the negated clause.

अधार्मिकाः (adhārmikāḥ) - those who violate natural law (adharma) (unrighteous ones, those who violate natural law)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of adhārmika

adhārmika - unrighteous, impious, violating natural law (adharma)

Formed from 'adharma' (unrighteousness) with 'ika' suffix.

Note: Acts as the subject of 'hantavyāḥ'.

तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, however

(indeclinable)

Conjunction/Particle

हन्तव्याः (hantavyāḥ) - must be slain (to be killed, fit to be slain, must be killed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of hantavya

hantavya - to be killed, fit to be killed, destined to be killed

Gerundive

Formed from root 'han' (to strike, kill) with suffix '-tavya'.

Root: han (class 2)

इति (iti) - marking the preceding statement as direct speech (thus, in this manner, marking direct speech)

(indeclinable)

Particle marking quotation or conclusion.

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

First person pronoun

Note: Subject of 'prabravīmi'.

प्रब्रवीमि (prabravīmi) - I declare, I say, I announce

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (Laṭ) of prabrū

Present active

First person singular, Present active, Parasmaipada

Prefix: pra

Root: brū (class 2)

वः (vaḥ) - to you (gods) (to you, of you (plural))

(pronoun)

Dative, plural of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (plural)

Second person pronoun, enclitic form

Note: Enclitic form of 'yuṣmad'.

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