महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-24, verse-19

त्रयस्ते दैत्यराजानस्त्रीँल्लोकानाशु तेजसा ।
आक्रम्य तस्थुर्वर्षाणां पूगान्नाम प्रजापतिः ॥१९॥

19. trayaste daityarājānastrīँllokānāśu tejasā ,
ākramya tasthurvarṣāṇāṁ pūgānnāma prajāpatiḥ.

19. trayaḥ te daityarājānaḥ trīn lokān āśu tejasā
ākramya tasthuḥ varṣāṇām pūgān nāma prajāpatiḥ

19. Those three demon kings, by their splendor (tejas), swiftly conquered the three worlds and remained established there for multitudes of years, as ordained by Prajāpati.

Words meanings summery:

• त्रयः (trayaḥ) - three

• ते (te) - Referring to the previously mentioned demon kings (those, they)

• दैत्यराजानः (daityarājānaḥ) - The three specific demon kings: Tārakākṣa, Kamalākṣa, Vidyunmālin (demon kings)

• त्रीन् (trīn) - The three worlds (heaven, earth, underworld) (three)

• लोकान् (lokān) - The three worlds (heaven, earth, underworld) (worlds, realms)

• आशु (āśu) - swiftly, quickly, immediately

• तेजसा (tejasā) - By their inherent power and energy (by splendor, by might, by brilliance)

• आक्रम्य (ākramya) - Having taken over or dominated (having attacked, having conquered, having pervaded)

• तस्थुः (tasthuḥ) - They remained established in their rule (they stood, they remained, they were established)

• वर्षाणाम् (varṣāṇām) - of years, for years

• पूगान् (pūgān) - Multitudes of years, indicating a very long period (multitudes, groups, collections)

• नाम (nāma) - Emphatic particle, or indicating 'as ordained' (by name, indeed, as it were)

• प्रजापतिः (prajāpatiḥ) - Prajāpati (Brahma), implying that the duration was ordained by him (lord of creatures, Prajāpati (Brahma))

Words meanings and morphology

त्रयः (trayaḥ) - three

(numeral)

ते (te) - Referring to the previously mentioned demon kings (those, they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Agrees with `daityarājānaḥ`.

दैत्यराजानः (daityarājānaḥ) - The three specific demon kings: Tārakākṣa, Kamalākṣa, Vidyunmālin (demon kings)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of daityarājan

daityarājan - king of demons, demon king

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (daitya+rājan)

• daitya – demon, son of Diti
  noun (masculine)
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Subject of `tasthuḥ`.

त्रीन् (trīn) - The three worlds (heaven, earth, underworld) (three)

(numeral)

लोकान् (lokān) - The three worlds (heaven, earth, underworld) (worlds, realms)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of loka

loka - world, realm, people, space

Root: lok (class 10)

Note: Object of `ākramya`.

आशु (āśu) - swiftly, quickly, immediately

(indeclinable)

तेजसा (tejasā) - By their inherent power and energy (by splendor, by might, by brilliance)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tejas

tejas - splendor, brilliance, energy, power, might, spiritual power (tejas)

Root: tij (class 1)

आक्रम्य (ākramya) - Having taken over or dominated (having attacked, having conquered, having pervaded)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

From `ā-` + root `kram` + suffix `ya`.

Prefix: ā

Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Precedes the main verb `tasthuḥ`.

तस्थुः (tasthuḥ) - They remained established in their rule (they stood, they remained, they were established)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of sthā

Perfect 3rd plural.

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

वर्षाणाम् (varṣāṇām) - of years, for years

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of varṣa

varṣa - year, rain, monsoon

Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Connected to `pūgān`.

पूगान् (pūgān) - Multitudes of years, indicating a very long period (multitudes, groups, collections)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pūga

pūga - multitude, collection, group, crowd

Root: pūj (class 10)

Note: Used adverbially to express duration.

नाम (nāma) - Emphatic particle, or indicating 'as ordained' (by name, indeed, as it were)

(indeclinable)

From noun `nāman` used adverbially.

Note: Used to emphasize or qualify the preceding statement about duration.

प्रजापतिः (prajāpatiḥ) - Prajāpati (Brahma), implying that the duration was ordained by him (lord of creatures, Prajāpati (Brahma))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prajāpati

prajāpati - lord of creatures, Prajāpati (name of a deity, often identified with Brahmā)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (prajā+pati)

• prajā – offspring, progeny, creatures, subjects
  noun (feminine)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: jan (class 4)
• pati – master, lord, husband
  noun (masculine)
  Root: pā (class 2)

Note: Appears to function adverbially or implies an action like 'as ordained by Prajāpati'.

Previous Verse Next Verse