महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-24, verse-156

अनुज्ञां प्राप्य देवेशाज्जगाम स महातपाः ।
एवमेतत्पुरावृत्तं तदा कथितवानृषिः ॥१५६॥

156. anujñāṁ prāpya deveśājjagāma sa mahātapāḥ ,
evametatpurāvṛttaṁ tadā kathitavānṛṣiḥ.

156. anujñām prāpya deveśāt jagāma saḥ mahātapāḥ
evam etat purāvṛttam tadā kathitavān ṛṣiḥ

156. saḥ mahātapāḥ deveśāt anujñām prāpya jagāma.
evam ṛṣiḥ tadā etat purāvṛttam kathitavān.

156. Having obtained permission from the Lord of gods (deveśāt), that great ascetic (mahātapāḥ) departed. Thus, the sage (ṛṣiḥ) narrated this ancient event (purāvṛttam) at that time.

Words meanings summery:

• अनुज्ञाम् (anujñām) - permission, assent, leave

• प्राप्य (prāpya) - having obtained, having reached

• देवेशात् (deveśāt) - from Shiva (from the lord of gods)

• जगाम (jagāma) - went, departed

• सः (saḥ) - Parashurama (he, that)

• महातपाः (mahātapāḥ) - Parashurama (great ascetic, one with great austerity (tapas))

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

• एतत् (etat) - this, this one

• पुरावृत्तम् (purāvṛttam) - ancient event, past occurrence

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• कथितवान् (kathitavān) - narrated, told (he who narrated)

• ऋषिः (ṛṣiḥ) - the narrator sage (e.g., Vyasa) (sage, seer)

Words meanings and morphology

अनुज्ञाम् (anujñām) - permission, assent, leave

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of anujñā

anujñā - permission, leave, consent

Derived from anu-jñā (to permit)

Prefix: anu

Root: jñā (class 9)

प्राप्य (prāpya) - having obtained, having reached

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Derived from root āp- with upasarga pra- and suffix -ya

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

देवेशात् (deveśāt) - from Shiva (from the lord of gods)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of deveśa

deveśa - lord of gods, Shiva

Compound (genitive tatpuruṣa)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (deva+īśa)

• deva – god, deity
  noun (masculine)
• īśa – lord, master, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root īś- (to rule, own)
  Root: īś (class 2)

जगाम (jagāma) - went, departed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of gam

Perfect active

Reduplicated perfect form (liṭ lakāra) of gam

Root: gam (class 1)

सः (saḥ) - Parashurama (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he

Demonstrative pronoun

महातपाः (mahātapāḥ) - Parashurama (great ascetic, one with great austerity (tapas))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahātapas

mahātapas - great asceticism, one with great austerity (tapas)

Bahuvrīhi compound, used as an adjective/noun

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+tapas)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• tapas – austerity, penance, heat, spiritual fervor (tapas)
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root tap- (to heat, practice austerity)
  Root: tap (class 1)

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

(indeclinable)

एतत् (etat) - this, this one

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Demonstrative pronoun

पुरावृत्तम् (purāvṛttam) - ancient event, past occurrence

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of purāvṛtta

purāvṛtta - happened before, ancient tale, past event

Past Passive Participle (used as noun)

Compound of purā (formerly) and vṛtta (happened)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (purā+vṛtta)

• purā – formerly, anciently, in the past
  indeclinable
• vṛtta – happened, occurred, event, conduct
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root vṛt- with suffix -kta
  Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Here it functions as a noun.

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Adverbial derivation from pronominal base

कथितवान् (kathitavān) - narrated, told (he who narrated)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kathitavat

kathitavat - one who has narrated, told

Past Active Participle

Derived from root kath- with suffix -ktavat

Root: kath (class 10)

Note: Functions as a finite verb in this context.

ऋषिः (ṛṣiḥ) - the narrator sage (e.g., Vyasa) (sage, seer)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - sage, seer, inspired poet

Root: ṛṣ (class 1)