महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-24, verse-149

दुर्योधन उवाच ।
एतच्छ्रुत्वा च वचनं प्रतिगृह्य च सर्वशः ।
रामः कृतस्वस्त्ययनः प्रययौ दानवान्प्रति ॥१४९॥

149. duryodhana uvāca ,
etacchrutvā ca vacanaṁ pratigṛhya ca sarvaśaḥ ,
rāmaḥ kṛtasvastyayanaḥ prayayau dānavānprati.

149. duryodhana uvāca | etat śrutvā ca vacanam pratigṛhya ca
sarvaśaḥ | rāmaḥ kṛtasvastyayanaḥ prayayau dānavān prati

149. duryodhana uvāca rāmaḥ etat vacanam śrutvā ca sarvaśaḥ
pratigṛhya ca kṛtasvastyayanaḥ dānavān prati prayayau

149. Duryodhana said: Having heard this statement and accepted it completely, Rama, after having auspicious rites performed, set out towards the Dānavas.

Words meanings summery:

• दुर्योधन (duryodhana) - Duryodhana

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• एतत् (etat) - this

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• च (ca) - and

• वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech, statement, command

• प्रतिगृह्य (pratigṛhya) - having accepted, having received

• च (ca) - and

• सर्वशः (sarvaśaḥ) - completely, entirely, in every way

• रामः (rāmaḥ) - Paraśurāma, also known as Bhārgava (son of Bhṛgu) (Rama)

• कृतस्वस्त्ययनः (kṛtasvastyayanaḥ) - having performed auspicious rites, having had blessings invoked

• प्रययौ (prayayau) - went forth, proceeded

• दानवान् (dānavān) - Dānavas (demons)

• प्रति (prati) - towards, against

Words meanings and morphology

दुर्योधन (duryodhana) - Duryodhana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (a proper name, eldest Kaurava prince)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dur+yodhana)

• dur – bad, difficult, hard
  indeclinable
• yodhana – fighting, warrior
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root yudh (to fight)
  Root: yudh (class 4)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

3rd singular Perfect Active of √vac

Root: vac (class 2)

एतत् (etat) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, that

Note: The form 'etat' can be nominative or accusative singular neuter. Here, it is accusative agreeing with 'vacanam'.

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

absolutive/gerund

Absolutive from root √śru (to hear)

Root: śru (class 5)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech, statement, command

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - speaking, saying, word, speech, statement, command

Derived from root √vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

प्रतिगृह्य (pratigṛhya) - having accepted, having received

(indeclinable)

absolutive/gerund

Absolutive from root √grah (to seize, take) with prefix prati

Prefix: prati

Root: grah (class 9)

Note: Formed with 'lyap' suffix because of the prefix.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

सर्वशः (sarvaśaḥ) - completely, entirely, in every way

(indeclinable)

Adverbial suffix -śaḥ

रामः (rāmaḥ) - Paraśurāma, also known as Bhārgava (son of Bhṛgu) (Rama)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama (proper name); pleasing, charming

Note: Here refers to Paraśurāma, not Dāśarathi Rāma.

कृतस्वस्त्ययनः (kṛtasvastyayanaḥ) - having performed auspicious rites, having had blessings invoked

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛtasvastyayana

kṛtasvastyayana - one for whom auspicious rites have been performed; one who has performed auspicious rites

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kṛta+svastyayana)

• kṛta – done, made, performed
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past passive participle of √kṛ (to do)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• svastyayana – auspicious rite, benediction, blessing
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies Rāma.

प्रययौ (prayayau) - went forth, proceeded

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of pra-i

Perfect Active

3rd singular Perfect Active of √i (to go) with prefix pra

Prefix: pra

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Anomaly in root 'i' perfect forms; `iyāya`, `jagāma` for other verbs. `yayau` is a form of `√yā`, but `prayayau` is usually `pra-i`.

दानवान् (dānavān) - Dānavas (demons)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of dānava

dānava - a Dānava (class of demons, descendants of Danu)

Note: Object of motion towards.

प्रति (prati) - towards, against

(indeclinable)

Note: Preposition.