महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-24, verse-121

एवं तत्त्रिपुरं दग्धं दानवाश्चाप्यशेषतः ।
महेश्वरेण क्रुद्धेन त्रैलोक्यस्य हितैषिणा ॥१२१॥

121. evaṁ tattripuraṁ dagdhaṁ dānavāścāpyaśeṣataḥ ,
maheśvareṇa kruddhena trailokyasya hitaiṣiṇā.

121. evam tat tripuram dagdham dānavāḥ ca api aśeṣataḥ
maheśvareṇa kruddhena trailokyasya hitaiṣiṇā

121. evam tat tripuram dānavāḥ ca api aśeṣataḥ dagdham
trailokyasya hitaiṣiṇā kruddhena maheśvareṇa

121. In this way, that Tripura (the three cities) was completely burnt, along with all the demons, by the enraged Maheśvara, who was a well-wisher of the three worlds.

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

• तत् (tat) - referring to Tripura (that)

• त्रिपुरम् (tripuram) - Tripura (the three cities)

• दग्धम् (dagdham) - burnt, consumed by fire

• दानवाः (dānavāḥ) - demons, sons of Danu

• च (ca) - and

• अपि (api) - also, even

• अशेषतः (aśeṣataḥ) - completely, without remainder

• महेश्वरेण (maheśvareṇa) - by the great lord (Shiva)

• क्रुद्धेन (kruddhena) - by the enraged, by the angry one

• त्रैलोक्यस्य (trailokyasya) - of the three worlds

• हितैषिणा (hitaiṣiṇā) - by the well-wisher, by the benevolent one

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

(indeclinable)

तत् (tat) - referring to Tripura (that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Note: Also accusative singular neuter. Context implies nominative here.

त्रिपुरम् (tripuram) - Tripura (the three cities)

(proper noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tripura

tripura - three cities, a name of a mythical city/cities

Compound type : dvigu (tri+pura)

• tri – three
  numeral adjective
• pura – city, town, stronghold
  noun (neuter)

Note: Also accusative singular neuter. Context implies nominative here, as it is the subject of 'burnt'.

दग्धम् (dagdham) - burnt, consumed by fire

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dagdha

dagdha - burnt, consumed by fire

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root दह् (dah) 'to burn'

Root: dah (class 1)

Note: Adjective modifying 'tripuram'.

दानवाः (dānavāḥ) - demons, sons of Danu

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dānava

dānava - a demon, a son of Danu

Note: Subject in construction with 'dagdham' implied.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also, even

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes completeness.

अशेषतः (aśeṣataḥ) - completely, without remainder

(indeclinable)

Derived from 'aśeṣa' (without remainder) with suffix -tas

महेश्वरेण (maheśvareṇa) - by the great lord (Shiva)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of maheśvara

maheśvara - great lord, a name of Shiva

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+īśvara)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• īśvara – lord, master, controller
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agent of the action 'burnt'.

क्रुद्धेन (kruddhena) - by the enraged, by the angry one

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kruddha

kruddha - enraged, angry, furious

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root क्रुध् (krudh) 'to be angry'

Root: krudh (class 4)

Note: Adjective modifying 'maheśvareṇa'.

त्रैलोक्यस्य (trailokyasya) - of the three worlds

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of trailokya

trailokya - the three worlds (heaven, earth, and netherworld)

Derived from 'triloka' (three worlds) with suffix -ya (abstract noun)

Compound type : dvigu (tri+loka)

• tri – three
  numeral adjective
• loka – world, realm, people
  noun (masculine)

Note: Governed by 'hitaiṣiṇā'.

हितैषिणा (hitaiṣiṇā) - by the well-wisher, by the benevolent one

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of hitaiṣin

hitaiṣin - well-wisher, benevolent, seeking welfare

Formed from 'hita' (welfare) and root 'iṣ' (to wish, seek)

Compound type : tatpurusha (hita+eṣin)

• hita – welfare, benefit, good
  noun (neuter)
• eṣin – desiring, seeking, wishing
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root 'iṣ' (to wish, seek)
  Root: iṣ (class 6)

Note: Adjective modifying 'maheśvareṇa'.