महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-24, verse-54

तवातिसर्गाद्देवेश प्राजापत्यमिदं पदम् ।
मयाधितिष्ठता दत्तो दानवेभ्यो महान्वरः ॥५४॥

54. tavātisargāddeveśa prājāpatyamidaṁ padam ,
mayādhitiṣṭhatā datto dānavebhyo mahānvaraḥ.

54. tava atisargāt deveśa prājāpatyam idam padam
mayā adhitiṣṭhatā dattaḥ dānavebhyo mahān varaḥ

54. deveśa tava atisargāt idam prājāpatyam padam
mayā adhitiṣṭhatā dānavebhyo mahān varaḥ dattaḥ

54. O Lord of gods (deveśa), due to your permission [or, creation], while I was occupying this position of Prajāpati, a great boon was granted by me to the Dānavas.

Words meanings summery:

• तव (tava) - your, of you

• अतिसर्गात् (atisargāt) - by your express will or command (as a higher power) (from permission, by creation, from release)

• देवेश (deveśa) - Addressing Śiva. (O Lord of gods)

• प्राजापत्यम् (prājāpatyam) - relating to Prajāpati, the office of Prajāpati

• इदम् (idam) - this

• पदम् (padam) - the office or status of Prajāpati (position, place, step, word)

• मया (mayā) - by me

• अधितिष्ठता (adhitiṣṭhatā) - by me, (Brahmā), who was occupying (this position) (by the one occupying, by the one presiding over)

• दत्तः (dattaḥ) - given, granted

• दानवेभ्यो (dānavebhyo) - to the Dānavas, for the Dānavas

• महान् (mahān) - great, large, mighty

• वरः (varaḥ) - boon, blessing

Words meanings and morphology

तव (tava) - your, of you

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

अतिसर्गात् (atisargāt) - by your express will or command (as a higher power) (from permission, by creation, from release)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of atisarga

atisarga - permission, grant, creation, release

From ati + sṛj (to create, release) + ghañ

Prefix: ati

Root: sṛj (class 6)

Note: Indicates the cause or source.

देवेश (deveśa) - Addressing Śiva. (O Lord of gods)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of deveśa

deveśa - Lord of gods, chief of gods

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (deva+īśa)

• deva – god, deity
  noun (masculine)
  From root div (to shine)
  Root: div (class 1)
• īśa – lord, master, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  From root īś (to rule, to be master)
  Root: īś (class 2)

Note: Vocative address.

प्राजापत्यम् (prājāpatyam) - relating to Prajāpati, the office of Prajāpati

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of prājāpatya

prājāpatya - belonging to Prajāpati, the office of Prajāpati

From Prajāpati + ṣyaN affix

Note: Agrees with 'idam padam'.

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Agrees with 'padam'.

पदम् (padam) - the office or status of Prajāpati (position, place, step, word)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pada

pada - step, foot, place, position, word

From root pad (to go)

Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Object of implied verb 'was occupying'.

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Agent of 'dattaḥ' (granted).

अधितिष्ठता (adhitiṣṭhatā) - by me, (Brahmā), who was occupying (this position) (by the one occupying, by the one presiding over)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of adhitiṣṭhat

adhitiṣṭhat - occupying, presiding over, dwelling in

Present Active Participle

From adhi + root sthā (to stand) + śatṛ affix

Prefix: adhi

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Used adverbially or as an attribute to 'mayā'.

दत्तः (dattaḥ) - given, granted

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of datta

datta - given, granted

Past Passive Participle

From root dā, with suffix kta (ta)

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Predicate adjective to 'varaḥ'.

दानवेभ्यो (dānavebhyo) - to the Dānavas, for the Dānavas

(proper noun)

Dative, masculine, plural of dānava

dānava - a descendant of Danu, a class of demons, Dānava

From Danu + aṇ affix

Note: Recipient of the boon. Sandhi from 'dānavebhyaḥ'.

महान् (mahān) - great, large, mighty

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty

Note: Agrees with 'varaḥ'.

वरः (varaḥ) - boon, blessing

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vara

vara - boon, blessing, choice, best

From vṛ (to choose)

Root: vṛ (class 5)

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