महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-10, chapter-8, verse-98

हाहाकारं च कुर्वाणाः पृथिव्यां शेरते परे ।
तान्बुद्ध्वा रणमत्तोऽसौ द्रोणपुत्रो व्यपोथयत् ॥९८॥

98. hāhākāraṁ ca kurvāṇāḥ pṛthivyāṁ śerate pare ,
tānbuddhvā raṇamatto'sau droṇaputro vyapothayat.

98. hāhākāram ca kurvāṇāḥ pṛthivyām śerate pare tān
buddhvā raṇamattaḥ asau droṇaputraḥ vyapothayat

98. pare hāhākāram ca kurvāṇāḥ pṛthivyām śerate asau
raṇamattaḥ droṇaputraḥ tān buddhvā vyapothayat

98. Others, crying out in lamentation, lay on the ground. Recognizing them, the son of Droṇa, who was intoxicated by battle, crushed them.

Words meanings summery:

• हाहाकारम् (hāhākāram) - a cry of distress, lamentation, 'hā hā' sound

• च (ca) - and, also

• कुर्वाणाः (kurvāṇāḥ) - making, doing, performing

• पृथिव्याम् (pṛthivyām) - on the earth, on the ground

• शेरते (śerate) - they lie down, they rest

• परे (pare) - others, other ones

• तान् (tān) - them, those

• बुद्ध्वा (buddhvā) - having perceived, having understood, having known

• रणमत्तः (raṇamattaḥ) - war-intoxicated, maddened by battle

• असौ (asau) - that one, he

• द्रोणपुत्रः (droṇaputraḥ) - Aśvatthāman, the son of Droṇa (son of Droṇa)

• व्यपोथयत् (vyapothayat) - he crushed, he slew, he struck down

Words meanings and morphology

हाहाकारम् (hāhākāram) - a cry of distress, lamentation, 'hā hā' sound

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of hāhākāra

hāhākāra - a cry of distress or lamentation

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

कुर्वाणाः (kurvāṇāḥ) - making, doing, performing

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kurvāṇa

kurvāṇa - making, doing, performing, acting

Present participle (ātmanepada)

Present participle of root `kṛ` (class 8, to do, make), in the ātmanepada form.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

पृथिव्याम् (pṛthivyām) - on the earth, on the ground

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of pṛthivī

pṛthivī - earth, ground, world

शेरते (śerate) - they lie down, they rest

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of śī

Present 3rd plural ātmanepada

Present tense form of root `śī` (class 2, to lie down).

Root: śī (class 2)

Note: Used in a narrative context to imply past action, akin to 'they lay'.

परे (pare) - others, other ones

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of para

para - other, another, distant, supreme, chief

तान् (tān) - them, those

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those, he, she, it, they

बुद्ध्वा (buddhvā) - having perceived, having understood, having known

(indeclinable)

Gerund (absolutive)

Absolutive form of root `budh` (class 1, 4, 9).

Root: budh (class 1)

रणमत्तः (raṇamattaḥ) - war-intoxicated, maddened by battle

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of raṇamatta

raṇamatta - intoxicated by battle, maddened by war

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (raṇa+matta)

• raṇa – battle, war, combat
  noun (masculine/neuter)
• matta – intoxicated, maddened, enraged, drunk
  participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past passive participle of root `mad` (to be intoxicated, delighted).
  Root: mad (class 4)

असौ (asau) - that one, he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adas

adas - that (yonder), this, he, she, it

द्रोणपुत्रः (droṇaputraḥ) - Aśvatthāman, the son of Droṇa (son of Droṇa)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of droṇaputra

droṇaputra - son of Droṇa

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (droṇa+putra)

• droṇa – Droṇa (a proper name, the teacher of the Kauravas and Pāṇḍavas)
  proper noun (masculine)
• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)

व्यपोथयत् (vyapothayat) - he crushed, he slew, he struck down

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of pothayati

Imperfect 3rd singular causative

Imperfect form of the causative stem of root `puth` (class 1, to strike, pound) with prefixes `vi` and `apa`.

Prefixes: vi+apa

Root: puth (class 1)