महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-10, chapter-8, verse-67

यतः प्रवृत्तः संग्रामः कुरुपाण्डवसेनयोः ।
ततः प्रभृति तां कृत्यामपश्यन्द्रौणिमेव च ॥६७॥

67. yataḥ pravṛttaḥ saṁgrāmaḥ kurupāṇḍavasenayoḥ ,
tataḥ prabhṛti tāṁ kṛtyāmapaśyandrauṇimeva ca.

67. yataḥ pravṛttaḥ saṅgrāmaḥ kurupāṇḍavasenayoḥ
tataḥ prabhṛti tām kṛtyām apaśyan drauṇim eva ca

67. yataḥ kurupāṇḍavasenayoḥ saṅgrāmaḥ pravṛttaḥ
tataḥ prabhṛti tām kṛtyām ca drauṇim eva apaśyan

67. From the moment the battle between the armies of the Kurus and Pandavas commenced, from that point onwards, they beheld that Kṛtyā (Kalaratri) and Drauni (Ashvatthama).

Words meanings summery:

• यतः (yataḥ) - from which time (from which, from where, since)

• प्रवृत्तः (pravṛttaḥ) - commenced, begun, engaged in

• सङ्ग्रामः (saṅgrāmaḥ) - battle, war, combat

• कुरुपाण्डवसेनयोः (kurupāṇḍavasenayoḥ) - of the armies of the Kurus and Pandavas

• ततः (tataḥ) - from that time, from then (from there, then, therefore)

• प्रभृति (prabhṛti) - from, beginning with, onwards

• ताम् (tām) - Kalaratri (as kṛtyā) (her, that (feminine))

• कृत्याम् (kṛtyām) - a demoness, an evil being (referring to Kalaratri) (deed, action, (malevolent) magical power, demoness)

• अपश्यन् (apaśyan) - they saw, they beheld

• द्रौणिम् (drauṇim) - Ashvatthama (son of Droṇa (Ashvatthama))

• एव (eva) - only, indeed, just, certainly

• च (ca) - and, also

Words meanings and morphology

यतः (yataḥ) - from which time (from which, from where, since)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used as an adverb of time "from when".

प्रवृत्तः (pravṛttaḥ) - commenced, begun, engaged in

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pravṛtta

pravṛtta - commenced, begun, engaged in, active

Past Passive Participle

from pra-vṛt (to turn, to begin), Past Passive Participle

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Qualifies saṅgrāmaḥ.

सङ्ग्रामः (saṅgrāmaḥ) - battle, war, combat

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṅgrāma

saṅgrāma - battle, war, combat, conflict

Prefix: sam

Root: gram (class 1)

Note: Subject.

कुरुपाण्डवसेनयोः (kurupāṇḍavasenayoḥ) - of the armies of the Kurus and Pandavas

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, dual of kurupāṇḍavasenā

kurupāṇḍavasenā - the army of the Kurus and Pandavas

Compound type : dvandva (kuru+pāṇḍava+senā)

• kuru – Kuru (name of a dynasty/people)
  proper noun (masculine)
• pāṇḍava – descendant of Pandu, Pandavas
  proper noun (masculine)
• senā – army, host
  noun (feminine)

Note: Indicates relation to saṅgrāmaḥ.

ततः (tataḥ) - from that time, from then (from there, then, therefore)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of time "from then".

प्रभृति (prabhṛti) - from, beginning with, onwards

(indeclinable)

Prefix: pra

Root: bhṛ (class 3)

ताम् (tām) - Kalaratri (as kṛtyā) (her, that (feminine))

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to kṛtyām.

कृत्याम् (kṛtyām) - a demoness, an evil being (referring to Kalaratri) (deed, action, (malevolent) magical power, demoness)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kṛtyā

kṛtyā - deed, action, magical spell, demoness, an evil spirit

Note: Object of apaśyan.

अपश्यन् (apaśyan) - they saw, they beheld

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (laṅ) of paś

Imperfect Active

root dṛś (used as paś in present/imperfect stems), Imperfect 3rd plural active

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: The "a" is the augment for imperfect tense.

द्रौणिम् (drauṇim) - Ashvatthama (son of Droṇa (Ashvatthama))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of drauṇi

drauṇi - son of Droṇa, Ashvatthama

patronymic from Droṇa

Note: Object of apaśyan.

एव (eva) - only, indeed, just, certainly

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects kṛtyām and drauṇim.