महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-10, chapter-8, verse-110

पृष्ठच्छिन्नाञ्शिरश्छिन्नान्पार्श्वच्छिन्नांस्तथापरान् ।
समासाद्याकरोद्द्रौणिः कांश्चिच्चापि पराङ्मुखान् ॥११०॥

110. pṛṣṭhacchinnāñśiraśchinnānpārśvacchinnāṁstathāparān ,
samāsādyākaroddrauṇiḥ kāṁściccāpi parāṅmukhān.

110. pṛṣṭhacchinnān śiraśchinnān pārśvacchinnān tathā aparān
samāsādya akarot drauṇiḥ kāṃścit ca api parāṅmukhān

110. drauṇiḥ samāsādya pṛṣṭhacchinnān śiraśchinnān pārśvacchinnān
ca tathā aparān (chakāra) kāṃścit ca api parāṅmukhān akarot

110. Having approached them, Drauṇi cut some at their backs, some at their heads, and others at their sides. He also made some turn and flee.

Words meanings summery:

• पृष्ठच्छिन्नान् (pṛṣṭhacchinnān) - cut at the back, wounded from behind

• शिरश्छिन्नान् (śiraśchinnān) - cut at the head, beheaded

• पार्श्वच्छिन्नान् (pārśvacchinnān) - cut at the sides, wounded on the flank

• तथा (tathā) - thus, likewise, and also

• अपरान् (aparān) - others

• समासाद्य (samāsādya) - having approached, having reached

• अकरोत् (akarot) - he caused (them to turn away) (he made, he did)

• द्रौणिः (drauṇiḥ) - Drauṇi (Ashvatthama)

• कांश्चित् (kāṁścit) - some, certain ones

• च (ca) - and, also

• अपि (api) - also, even, indeed

• पराङ्मुखान् (parāṅmukhān) - turned to flee (turned away, fleeing, with faces averted)

Words meanings and morphology

पृष्ठच्छिन्नान् (pṛṣṭhacchinnān) - cut at the back, wounded from behind

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pṛṣṭhacchinna

pṛṣṭhacchinna - cut at the back, wounded from behind

`pṛṣṭha` (back) + `chinna` (cut). A Tatpuruṣa compound (locative implied).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pṛṣṭha+chinna)

• pṛṣṭha – back, surface
  noun (neuter)
• chinna – cut, severed, broken
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `chid` (to cut, to break).
  Root: chid (class 7)

Note: Modifies implied 'men' or 'enemies'.

शिरश्छिन्नान् (śiraśchinnān) - cut at the head, beheaded

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śiraśchinna

śiraśchinna - cut at the head, beheaded

`śiras` (head) + `chinna` (cut). Tatpuruṣa compound (locative implied).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śiras+chinna)

• śiras – head
  noun (neuter)
  S-stem noun.
• chinna – cut, severed, broken
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `chid` (to cut, to break).
  Root: chid (class 7)

Note: Modifies implied 'men' or 'enemies'.

पार्श्वच्छिन्नान् (pārśvacchinnān) - cut at the sides, wounded on the flank

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pārśvacchinna

pārśvacchinna - cut at the sides, wounded on the flank

`pārśva` (side) + `chinna` (cut). Tatpuruṣa compound (locative implied).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pārśva+chinna)

• pārśva – side, flank
  noun (neuter)
• chinna – cut, severed, broken
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `chid` (to cut, to break).
  Root: chid (class 7)

Note: Modifies implied 'men' or 'enemies'.

तथा (tathā) - thus, likewise, and also

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects lists.

अपरान् (aparān) - others

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of apara

apara - other, another, subsequent

Note: Object of implied cutting/action.

समासाद्य (samāsādya) - having approached, having reached

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

From root `sad` (to sit, to go) with prefixes `sam` and `ā`.

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: sad (class 1)

Note: Gerund, modifying the action of `drauṇiḥ`.

अकरोत् (akarot) - he caused (them to turn away) (he made, he did)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of kṛ

Imperfect tense, third person singular

From root `kṛ` (to do, to make).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Verb for `drauṇiḥ`.

द्रौणिः (drauṇiḥ) - Drauṇi (Ashvatthama)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of drauṇi

drauṇi - son of Droṇa, Ashvatthama

Patronymic of Droṇa.

Note: Subject of `akarot`.

कांश्चित् (kāṁścit) - some, certain ones

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of kaścit

kaścit - someone, something, certain, some

Pronoun `ka` + particle `cit`.

Note: Object of `akarot`.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

अपि (api) - also, even, indeed

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle, or 'also'.

पराङ्मुखान् (parāṅmukhān) - turned to flee (turned away, fleeing, with faces averted)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of parāṅmukha

parāṅmukha - having the face averted, turned away, fleeing

`parāñc` (turned away) + `mukha` (face). A Bahuvrīhi compound.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (parāñc+mukha)

• parāñc – turned away, backward, averted
  adjective (masculine)
  From prefix `parā` and root `añc` (to bend, to go).
  Prefix: parā
  Root: añc (class 1)
• mukha – face, mouth, front
  noun (neuter)

Note: Predicate adjective for `kāṃścit` with `akarot`.